Increase in Resting Levels of Superoxide Anion in the Whole Blood of Uremic Patients on Chronic Hemodialysis

Chen, Mingfeng; Chang, Chi-Lin; Liou, Shaw-Yih

doi:10.1159/000014347

Cited by 41 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The increased MPO activity in primed PMNL in this study is similar to the MPO enrichment reported in primed macrophages under inflammatory conditions (33). Augmented intracellular MPO activity, associated with chronic release of ROS and increased degranulation (34), can explain the higher plasma MPO activity reported by Chen et al (35). Because MPO recently became a predictor of cardiovascular disease (36), the increased MPO activity in PMNL from CKD patients may constitute a link between circulating PMNL and the risk for developing cardiovascular complications in these patients.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Primed Peripheral Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte

Sela¹,

Shurtz-Swirski²,

Cohen-Mazor³

et al. 2005

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

175

126

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study characterizes the causal relationship between peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL) priming, systemic oxidative stress (OS), and inflammation in patients with varying degrees of renal insufficiency (chronic kidney disease [CKD] not on renal replacement therapy [RRT]: continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis [HD]) and healthy control subjects. Rate of superoxide release was measured after stimulation of PMNL with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate or zymosan. Priming was estimated by the rate of superoxide release after phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate stimulation. Systemic OS was related to PMNL priming and intracellular myeloperoxidase activity. Inflammation was linked to peripheral white blood cells and PMNL counts, PMNL apoptosis, and PMNL ex vivo survival in autologous and heterologous sera. PMNL priming and counts were related to the severity of renal failure in CKD not on RRT. Compared with control subjects, PMNL from all CKD patients showed increased priming, highest in HD, with a significant decrease in their response to zymosan. PMNL myeloperoxidase activity and apoptosis were increased in all renal failure patients. Decreased ex vivo cell survival and elevated leukocyte counts were found in all patients, highest in HD. Both PMNL priming and counts correlated negatively with the GFR. A positive significant correlation was shown between PMNL counts and their priming in all groups, suggesting that the increased PMNL count in peripheral blood is an adaptive response to PMNL priming. Hence, PMNL priming is a key mediator of low-grade inflammation and OS associated with renal failure, occurring before the onset of RRT and further augmented in chronic HD.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Primed Peripheral Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte

Sela¹,

Shurtz-Swirski²,

Cohen-Mazor³

et al. 2005

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

175

126

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It was concluded that complement-activating membrane (cuprophane in this case) was responsible for free oxygen radicals' production via leukocytes (PMNs and monocytes) activation. More recently, Chen et al [12] have shown that basal blood levels of O 2 W -were higher in chronic HD patients as compared to healthy subjects and further increased after one HD session [12].…”

Section: Uremia-associated Factorsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Why Hemodialysis Patients Are in a Prooxidant State? What Could Be Done to Correct the Pro/Antioxidant Imbalance

Moréna

Cristol

Canaud³

2000

Blood Purif

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Oxidative stress which results from an imbalance between reactive oxygen species production and antioxidant defense mechanisms is now well recognized in hemodialysis (HD) patients and could be involved in dialysis-related pathologies such as accelerated atherosclerosis, amyloidosis and anemia. In order to evaluate the rationale for preventive intervention against oxidative damage during HD, we review the factors that are implied and may be responsible for the imbalance between pro- and antioxidative mechanisms. The inflammatory state mainly due to hemobioincompatibility of the dialysis system plays a critical role in the production of free oxygen radical species contributing by this way to worsen the prooxidant status of uremic patients. Two factors largely contribute to the stimulation of the NADPH oxidase: hemoreactivity of the membrane and trace amounts of endotoxins. The antioxidant system is severely impaired in uremic patients and gradually altered with the degree of renal failure. HD could further impair this antioxidant system mainly by losses of (a) hydrophilic unbound small-molecular-weight substances such as vitamin C, (b) trace elements and (c) enzyme-regulatory compounds. Two main axes may be proposed in order to prevent and/or to decrease oxidative stress in HD patients. One consists in improving the hemocompatibility of the dialysis system mainly by using a dialyzer with low hemoreactivity and ultrapure, sterile, nonpyrogenic dialysate. The other consists in supplementing the deficiency patients with antioxidants. This could be achieved by oral or perdialytic supplementation. Vitamin E could be bound on dialyzer membrane. Alternatively, hemolipodialysis consists in loading HD patients with vitamin C or E via an ancillary circuit made of vitamin E-rich liposomes. The presence of liposomes could also facilitate the removal of hydrophobic prooxidative substances.

show abstract

“…Using conventional methods, several previous studies have measured SOD activity in plasma [15][16][17][18][19][20], however, few papers have reported measurement results of SOD by ESR. ESR method would be more advantageous than conventional methods, because ESR spectroscopy can directly measure plasma scavenging activity against superoxide anions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several authors have reported elevated activity of plasma SOD in dialyzed patients [15][16][17][18][19][20]. However, there have been only a few reports which investigated and compared the SOD activity before and after hemodialysis, with special attention on the renal functional difference.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Superoxide Dismutase Activity in Dialyzed Patients by Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy

et al. 2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The relationship between plasma SOD activity and remaining renal function in patients with renal insufficiency has been not elucidated. We attempted to investigate the degree of serum SOD activity among patients with various renal conditions. Methods: Using electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy, plasma SOD activities were evaluated in 28 patients who underwent HD before and after procedure and in 15 controls. The patients were classified according to the condition of renal function; group A (n = 15) included patients whose plasma creatinine clearance levels were less than 10 ml/min, and group B (n = 13) included those whose plasma creatinine clearance levels were 10 ml/min or more but less than 20 ml/min. Results: The plasma SOD activities of group A were significantly higher than those of group B (p < 0.005) and controls (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that in group A, the SOD activities in plasma before HD were significantly higher than those after HD (p < 0.001). However, in group B, there were no significant differences in the level of plasma SOD activities before and after HD. Conclusion: Production of superoxide anion is considered almost the similar in both groups, which suggests the SOD activity would depend on the degree of the remaining renal function of each patient.

show abstract

Increase in Resting Levels of Superoxide Anion in the Whole Blood of Uremic Patients on Chronic Hemodialysis

Cited by 41 publications

References 23 publications

Primed Peripheral Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte

Primed Peripheral Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte

Why Hemodialysis Patients Are in a Prooxidant State? What Could Be Done to Correct the Pro/Antioxidant Imbalance

Evaluation of Superoxide Dismutase Activity in Dialyzed Patients by Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About