Increased seminal root number associated with domestication improves nitrogen and phosphorus acquisition in maize seedlings

Perkins, Alden; Lynch, Jonathan P.

doi:10.1093/aob/mcab074

Cited by 37 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Increased lateral root production leads to more soil exploration and helps in improving phosphorus capture. This also aligns with findings that increased numbers of seminal roots in domesticated maize improved nutrient capture (Perkins & Lynch, 2021).…”

Section: Environmental Regulation Of Root Development and Growth: Dro...supporting

confidence: 89%

“…Seminal root numbers have increased in domesticated grasses such as maize and barley compared to their wild relatives, which may improve nutrient acquisition. It was shown that seminal roots contributed to approximately 35% of total phosphorus and nitrogen uptake in the first 25 days of seedling growth in maize landraces (Perkins & Lynch, 2021). The physiological basis for the senescence of the embryonic root system has not been well investigated and may result as a consequence of a regulated developmental program or from being starved of resources due to the rapid growth of the postembryonic root system.…”

Section: Overview Of Root Types In Grass Root Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deconstructing the root system of grasses through an exploration of development, anatomy and function

Viana

Scharwies

Dinneny

2022

Plant Cell & Environment

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Well‐adapted root systems allow plants to grow under resource‐limiting environmental conditions and are important determinants of yield in agricultural systems. Important staple crops such as rice and maize belong to the family of grasses, which develop a complex root system that consists of an embryonic root system that emerges from the seed, and a postembryonic nodal root system that emerges from basal regions of the shoot after germination. While early seedling establishment is dependent on the embryonic root system, the nodal root system, and its associated branches, gains in importance as the plant matures and will ultimately constitute the bulk of below‐ground growth. In this review, we aim to give an overview of the different root types that develop in cereal grass root systems, explore the different physiological roles they play by defining their anatomical features, and outline the genetic networks that control their development. Through this deconstructed view of grass root system function, we provide a parts‐list of elements that function together in an integrated root system to promote survival and crop productivity.

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Section: Environmental Regulation Of Root Development and Growth: Dro...supporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Overview Of Root Types In Grass Root Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deconstructing the root system of grasses through an exploration of development, anatomy and function

Viana

Scharwies

Dinneny

2022

Plant Cell & Environment

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“…Maximum ear weight (115.8 g) was noticed when 120 kg P ha -1 was applied while minimum (109.4 g) was observed when 90 kg P ha -1 was applied. Ear weight of maize crop increased with higher rate of phosphorus because phosphorus increases the amount of endosperm in grain (Perkins et al, 2021). Similar in case of Zn, maximum ear weight (129.6 g) was noticed when 5 kg Zn ha -1 was applied while minimum (113.4 g) was noticed with water spray only.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Efficacy of Soil Applied Phosphorus and Foliar Zinc Application on Different Growth Stages to Improve Productivity of Maize (Zea mays)

Ali¹,

Shah²,

Amin³

et al. 2022

SJA

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Phosphorus (P), foliar zinc (Zn) and its time of application plays an important role in crop productivity. To study its effect on maize, field experiment was conducted at Fodder and Forage Crops Section Harichand-Charsadda, Pakistan. The field experiment was conducted on 7 July 2021. Two levels of P (90 and 120 kg ha -1 ) and three levels of Zn (0 i.e., water spray only, 2.5 and 5 kg ha -1 ) were applied at three growth stages, full at vegetative stage (V6), full at reproductive stage (R2) and ½ at V6 and ½ at R2 stage along-with an overall control were used in the experiment. Randomized complete block design was used with three replications. The studied parameters were significantly affected by P, Zn and AT. Ear length (17.8 cm), ear weight (115.8 g), grains ear -1 (390) and thousand grains weight (257 g) had significantly affected when 120 kg P ha -1 was applied. Similarly, ear length (18.4 cm), ear weight (129.6 g), grains ear -1 (407) and thousand grains weight (258.33 g) were significantly affected in plots treated at the rate of 5 kg ha -1 with Zn. In case of growth stages, Zn applied half at vegetative and half at reproductive stages significantly enhanced the ear length (18.2 cm), ear weight (127.4 g), grain ear -1 (391) and thousand grains weight (255.5 g). It is concluded from the experiment that application of 120 kg P ha -1 significantly improved ear length, ear weight, grains per ear and thousand grain weight. In case of foliar application of 5 kg Zn ha -1 improved ear length, ear weight, grains per ear and thousand grain weight of cob. Similarly, in case of Zn application stages, ½ at vegetative and ½ reproductive stage will improve productivity of maize crop. Therefore,120 kg P ha -1 , 5 kg Zn ha -1 along with its application timing ½ at vegetative and ½ reproductive stage is recommended for the agro climatic conditions of Peshawar.

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“…One strategy was to develop a deep SR system with an optimal number of branches, such that the benefit of having more branches outweighs the effect of competition, enabling early vigorous root growth with deep soil exploration. SR are known to be important for seedling vigor during early development (Hochholdinger et al., 2018, Perkins & Lynch, 2021). In wheat, by the time the NR appear, the SR system was found to be up to 40 cm deep in the soil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐objective optimization of root phenotypes for nutrient capture using evolutionary algorithms

et al. 2022

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SUMMARY Root phenotypes are avenues to the development of crop cultivars with improved nutrient capture, which is an important goal for global agriculture. The fitness landscape of root phenotypes is highly complex and multidimensional. It is difficult to predict which combinations of traits (phene states) will create the best performing integrated phenotypes in various environments. Brute force methods to map the fitness landscape by simulating millions of phenotypes in multiple environments are computationally challenging. Evolutionary optimization algorithms may provide more efficient avenues to explore high dimensional domains such as the root phenotypic space. We coupled the three‐dimensional functional–structural plant model, SimRoot, to the Borg Multi‐Objective Evolutionary Algorithm (MOEA) and the evolutionary search over several generations facilitated the identification of optimal root phenotypes balancing trade‐offs across nutrient uptake, biomass accumulation, and root carbon costs in environments varying in nutrient availability. Our results show that several combinations of root phenes generate optimal integrated phenotypes where performance in one objective comes at the cost of reduced performance in one or more of the remaining objectives, and such combinations differed for mobile and non‐mobile nutrients and for maize (a monocot) and bean (a dicot). Functional–structural plant models can be used with multi‐objective optimization to identify optimal root phenotypes under various environments, including future climate scenarios, which will be useful in developing the more resilient, efficient crops urgently needed in global agriculture.

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Increased seminal root number associated with domestication improves nitrogen and phosphorus acquisition in maize seedlings

Cited by 37 publications

References 99 publications

Deconstructing the root system of grasses through an exploration of development, anatomy and function

Deconstructing the root system of grasses through an exploration of development, anatomy and function

Efficacy of Soil Applied Phosphorus and Foliar Zinc Application on Different Growth Stages to Improve Productivity of Maize (Zea mays)

Multi‐objective optimization of root phenotypes for nutrient capture using evolutionary algorithms

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