Increasing Connectivity in VANETs Using Public Transport Backbones

Alves, Joilson; Wille, Emílio C. G.

doi:10.1109/tla.2015.7387250

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In order that the MOB‐NET can be used to connect distant vehicles, the buses that compose it must remain connected during most of the time, in other words, they must have an elevated degree of connectivity. The work made by Alves and Wille has shown through experimental studies with real data, analytical and simulations studies, that the connectivity degree of the MOB‐NET can reach 99%. The connectivity degree ( g c ) is defined as the fraction of time where the inter‐vehicular distance ( d ) is less than or equal to the transmission radius ( r ) of the wireless system, and it is formally defined by the equation:

g_{c} ≜ P [d \leq r],

where P [.]…”

Section: Mobile Ad Hoc Backbonementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experimental analysis aims to analyze the inter‐vehicular distance to be able to determine the connectivity degree of the MOB‐NET. For these studies, real data from buses traveling in the express lanes of the city of Curitiba (Paraná), Brazil, were analyzed …”

Section: Mobile Ad Hoc Backbonementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the study of Alves and Wille, the Priority Ad Hoc On‐demand Distance Vector was presented, a protocol capable of recognizing the MOB‐NET. It was developed to act together with the backbone at the moment the nodes are discovering the routes, building the routes by prioritizing the buses of the public transport.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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P‐AOMDV: An improved routing protocol for V2V communication based on public transport backbones

AlvesźJunior

Wille

2016

Trans. Emerging Tel. Tech.

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The Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks consider the vehicle‐to‐vehicle communication to provide safety and entertainment to their users. Vehicle‐to‐vehicle networks are self‐organized and self‐managed mobile networks with decentralized control, being independent of fixed infrastructures. These networks are also characterized by the high mobility of nodes (vehicles), the scarce or unbalanced traffic, and the restrictions imposed by the roads. Such characteristics imply lack of connectivity and low performance of the protocols. Many studies claim that the use of fixed infrastructure with classic routing protocols may provide connectivity and allow the use of Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks. Meanwhile, the associated costs are too high, which make them unable most of the times. A way to overcome these problems is to deploy a reliable infrastructure that will bear the routing protocol out. This paper proposes the construction of a new routing protocol, named Priority Ad Hoc On‐demand Multipath Distance Vector (P‐AOMDV), which has the capability of acting together with a mobile backbone formed by public transport buses (MOB‐NET) and, consequently, to minimize the effects of the lack of connectivity and to improve network performance. The P‐AOMDV can discover many routes between source and destination, allowing the nodes to have a broad vision of the network, being able to take routing decisions considering metrics that are not limited to the number of hops. Simulation experiments have shown that the pair P‐AOMDV/MOB‐NET can improve metrics like packet delivery ratio (PDR) and active route ratio (ARR) and, at the same time, minimize problems due to route breakage and route unavailability.

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g_{c} ≜ P [d \leq r],

where P [.]…”

Section: Mobile Ad Hoc Backbonementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mobile Ad Hoc Backbonementioning

confidence: 99%

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P‐AOMDV: An improved routing protocol for V2V communication based on public transport backbones

AlvesźJunior

Wille

2016

Trans. Emerging Tel. Tech.

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EERP: Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol Performance Analysis of DSR and AODV for Mobile Adhoc Network

Joshi

Biradar

2020

Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems

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A Survey of VANET/V2X Routing From the Perspective of Non-Learning- and Learning-Based Approaches

Chatterjee¹,

Karmakar

Kaddoum

et al. 2022

IEEE Access

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Intelligent transportation systems (ITSs) have become increasingly popular because they support effective coordination in connected vehicles. ITSs present an integrated approach for exchanging relevant information in order to improve the safety, efficiency, and reliability of road transportation systems. A variant of mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) called vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) are an integral component of ITSs. VANETs consist of interconnected vehicles with sensing abilities that exchange information related to traffic, positioning, weather, and emergency services. In general, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) refers to communications between any entity and a vehicle, where the entity may be a vehicle, a cloud-based network, a pedestrian, or equipment installed along a road. One of the crucial challenges in V2X is the reliable and timely circulation of information among vehicular nodes to allow drivers to make decisions that increase road safety. In this context, efficient V2X routing protocols play a key role in supporting reliability and safety, and enhancing the overall quality of service (QoS) in VANETs. However, VANETs have distinct characteristics, such as high vehicular node mobility, unsteady connectivity, rapid changes in network topology, and unbounded network size, that can significantly affect routing in the network. Various routing protocols for V2X communication exist in the open technical literature. In this survey, we categorize the routing mechanisms as non-learning-and learning-based approaches, and discuss existing V2X routing protocols and their contributions to and impacts on VANET performance. Here, the learning-based approach implies the use of machine learning algorithms. This survey also summarizes open challenges in designing effective V2X routing protocols and future research directions to consider when developing smart routing mechanisms for next-generation intelligent VANET technologies.INDEX TERMS VANET, V2X, routing protocol, non-learning-based routing, learning-based routing.

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Increasing Connectivity in VANETs Using Public Transport Backbones

Cited by 4 publications

References 16 publications

P‐AOMDV: An improved routing protocol for V2V communication based on public transport backbones

P‐AOMDV: An improved routing protocol for V2V communication based on public transport backbones

EERP: Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol Performance Analysis of DSR and AODV for Mobile Adhoc Network

A Survey of VANET/V2X Routing From the Perspective of Non-Learning- and Learning-Based Approaches

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