Indicadores de qualidade e composição de leite informal comercializado na região Sudeste do Estado de São Paulo

Motta, Rodrigo Garcia; Silva, Aristeu Vieira da; Giuffrida, Rogério; Siqueira, Amanda Keller; Paes, Antônio Carlos; Motta, Igor Garcia; Listoni, Fernando José Paganini; Ribeiro, Márcio Garcia

doi:10.1590/s0100-736x2015000500005

Cited by 20 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…Mycobacterium species are transmitted to humans predominantly by the inhalation of contaminated aerosols and consumption of contaminated water 11 , 19 , as well as consumption of raw dairy products or those not heat-treated by pasteurization, boiling, or UHT (ultra-high temperature) processing. It is estimated that, in Brazil, about 20- 30% of cow’s milk is marketed without health inspection 20 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of mycobacteria in bovine milk: an overview

Bolaños

Paula

Guerra

et al. 2017

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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Tuberculosis remains as the world’s biggest threat. In 2014, human tuberculosis ranked as a major infectious disease by the first time, overcoming HIV death rates. Bovine tuberculosis is a chronic disease of global distribution that affects animals and can be transmitted to humans by the consumption of raw milk, representing a serious public health concern. Despite the efforts of different countries to control and eradicate bovine tuberculosis, the high negative economic impact on meat and milk production chains remains, given the decreased production efficiency (approximately 25%), the high number of condemned carcasses, and increased animal culling rates. This scenario has motivated the establishment of official programs based on regulations and diagnostic procedures. Although Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis are the major pathogenic species to humans and bovines, respectively, nontuberculous mycobacteria within the Mycobacterium genus have become increasingly important in recent decades due to human infections, including the ones that occur in immunocompetent people. Diagnosis of mycobacteria can be performed by microbiological culture from tissue samples (lymph nodes, lungs) and secretions (sputum, milk). In general, these pathogens demand special nutrient requirements for isolation/growth, and the use of selective and rich culture media. Indeed, within these genera, mycobacteria are classified as either fast- or slow-growth microorganisms. Regarding the latter ones, incubation times can vary from 45 to 90 days. Although microbiological culture is still considered the gold standard method for diagnosis, molecular approaches have been increasingly used. We describe here an overview of the diagnosis of Mycobacterium species in bovine milk.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of mycobacteria in bovine milk: an overview

Bolaños

Paula

Guerra

et al. 2017

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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“…In Brazil, the detection of C. burnetii has been reported in animals and humans in previous decades (Costa, Brigatte, & Greco, ; Mares‐Guia et al, ; Rozental et al, ). In addition, the habit of consuming unpasteurized milk sold without undergoing official inspection in the country can be as high as 30% (Motta et al, ; Nero, Maziero, & Bezerra, ; Raymundo, Bersot, & Osaki, ), which favours the transmission of the pathogen. Brazilian law for industrial and sanitary inspection of products of animal origin declares that raw milk is not considered a product for direct human consumption and its use is restricted to establishments of dairy and dairy products under official sanitary inspection (Brazil, ); however, the volume of raw unpasteurized milk sold illegally in the country is approximately 900 million litres per year (Motta et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the habit of consuming unpasteurized milk sold without undergoing official inspection in the country can be as high as 30% (Motta et al, ; Nero, Maziero, & Bezerra, ; Raymundo, Bersot, & Osaki, ), which favours the transmission of the pathogen. Brazilian law for industrial and sanitary inspection of products of animal origin declares that raw milk is not considered a product for direct human consumption and its use is restricted to establishments of dairy and dairy products under official sanitary inspection (Brazil, ); however, the volume of raw unpasteurized milk sold illegally in the country is approximately 900 million litres per year (Motta et al, ). Despite the representative volume in the illegal trade of unpasteurized milk, there is a lack of data about food‐borne outbreaks associated to raw milk and on the occurrence of pathogens in it (Nero et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Brazil, the detection of C. burnetii has been reported in animals and humans in previous decades (Costa, Brigatte, & Greco, 2006;Mares-Guia et al, 2016;Rozental et al, 2017). In addition, the habit of consuming unpasteurized milk sold without undergoing official inspection in the country can be as high as 30% (Motta et al, 2015;Nero, Maziero, & Bezerra, 2003;Raymundo, Bersot, & Osaki, 2018), which favours the transmission of the pathogen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Real‐time quantitative PCR‐based detection of Coxiella burnetii in unpasteurized cow's milk sold for human consumption

Ribeiro

Peres

Teixeira

et al. 2019

Zoonoses and Public Health

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Coxiella burnetii is a zoonotic pathogen with a worldwide distribution that is responsible for Q fever in humans. It is a highly infectious bacterium that can be transmitted from cattle to humans through the consumption of unpasteurized milk. We report the molecular identification of C. burnetii in raw cow's milk being sold directly for human consumption in Brazil without official inspection or pasteurization. One hundred and twelve samples of raw milk were analysed by real‐time quantitative PCR (qPCR), and C. burnetii was detected in 3.57% (4/112) of the samples at a concentration ranging from 125 to 404 bacteria per millilitre. The identification of this zoonotic pathogen in raw milk sold directly for human consumption is a public health concern since C. burnetii can be transmitted through the oral route. This result indicates that health education and other preventive measures should be officially implemented in Brazil to prevent the spread of infection. To our knowledge, this is the first qPCR‐based detection of C. burnetii in raw milk samples from cows sold in Brazil that do not undergo official inspection or pasteurization.

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“…The transmission vehicle could be milk and dairy products (Abubakar et al, 2008;Atreya et al, 2014;Liverani et al, 2014). Despite the ban on the marketing of (BRASIL, 1950), it is estimated that about 20 to 30% of bovine milk production in Brazil is marketed without sanitary inspection: the sale of these products is held freely in several cities (Abrahão et al, 2005, Motta et al, 2015, and this is a significant public health problem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of decontamination and isolation protocols for Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) from raw milk samples

Carvalho¹,

Schwarz²,

Pietralonga³

et al. 2017

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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Most protocols regarding sample decontamination for Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) isolation are based on the MAP detection from feces and not milk. The choice of the best decontamination protocol is crucial to a successful MAP isolation. In this study, 36 combinations of variables for sample decontamination and MAP isolation from raw milk presented in the literature were carried out on milk samples artificially contaminated which were then inoculated into tubes with three different culture media: Herrold egg yolk medium (HEYM) prepared with fresh egg yolk, HEYM prepared with commercial egg yolk and Lowenstein-Jensen medium (LJ). Each treatment was performed in triplicate for each medium, with a total of 324 observations. The protocol combination which provided higher MAP growth and lower nonspecific contamination in a shorter period of time was considered improved. In this study, the protocol involving 0.75% HPC at room temperature for 24 h, using centrifuge at 2500 × g for 15 min and addition of antimicrobial solution immediately before inoculation into tubes with HEYM prepared with fresh egg yolk provided the greatest MAP isolation from raw milk samples.

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Indicadores de qualidade e composição de leite informal comercializado na região Sudeste do Estado de São Paulo

Cited by 20 publications

References 14 publications

Diagnosis of mycobacteria in bovine milk: an overview

Diagnosis of mycobacteria in bovine milk: an overview

Real‐time quantitative PCR‐based detection of Coxiella burnetii in unpasteurized cow's milk sold for human consumption

Improvement of decontamination and isolation protocols for Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) from raw milk samples

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