Indigenous Economies, Theories of Subsistence, and Women: &lt;em&gt;Exploring the Social Economy Model for Indigenous Governance&lt;/em&gt;

Kuokkanen, Rauna

doi:10.5250/amerindiquar.35.2.0215

Cited by 81 publications

(65 citation statements)

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“…The dynamics of women's work in reservation communities may differ from other spaces of concentrated poverty. For example, antipoverty strategies focused on increasing employment of women may risk devaluing nonwage work, such as household production activities that have been associated with reinforcing cultural identity and strengthening community ties (Kuokkanen ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lone standout among the demographic variables in the full model was the significance of the rate of female householders in contributing to higher rates of poverty on reservations, though it was not substantially high relative to other demographic variables. This finding may reflect a tendency for women on reservations to participate in nonwage work to ameliorate their own or community deprivation (Berman ; Kuokkanen ). They are also more likely to be employed in lower wage work than men.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Women's wage work on the Ft. Berthold Reservation intersected with informal economies and kinship networks (Berman ). Kuokkanen () has also described this gendered pattern of formal and informal work, household production, and cultural reproduction.…”

Section: Antipoverty In Indian Country: Self‐determination and Gamingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indian Country Poverty: Place‐Based Poverty on American Indian Territories, 2006–10

Mauer

2016

Rural Sociology

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This article examines place‐based poverty in Indian Country, emphasizing that reservation characteristics are influenced by the system of federal Indian policy that affects American Indian self‐determination and antipoverty strategies within reservation boundaries. Using data from the American Community Survey five‐year file, 2006–10, I model poverty rates using multivariate, nested regression along key dimensions associated with American Indian antipoverty strategies and place‐based poverty. The results indicate that rates of female‐headed households and opportunity structures, such as lack of work, contribute to higher rates of reservation poverty while gaming acts as a slight buffer against poverty. Surprisingly, natural‐resource‐related occupations, thought to be associated with expropriation of tribal resources, was not associated with higher poverty, while self‐governance compacts, acting as a proxy for tribal autonomy, had no significant impact on poverty rates. As tribal governments seek to address poverty through strategies enabled by self‐determination policies, there is a critical need for more comprehensive and reliable data to understand how and whether tribal governments can effectively adapt federal policies to specific reservation conditions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indian Country Poverty: Place‐Based Poverty on American Indian Territories, 2006–10

Mauer

2016

Rural Sociology

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“…One form of economic decolonization in Canada has been to utilize the changing environment for Indigenous rights and self-determination to enable rapid economic development, which includes subsequent social benefits to Indigenous communities. However, Kuokkanen (2011) has argued against implementing purely capitalistbased economic development for Indigenous communities, since it is a perpetuation of the system that was the economic driving force behind colonialism. According to Kuokkanen, economic development that is not based on social and cultural values has not had a substantially positive or lasting effect on the greatest issues affecting Indigenous communities and, disproportionately, Indigenous women, including domestic violence and lack of adequate housing and social services.…”

Section: Indigenous Entrepreneurshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indigenous Communities and Social Enterprise in Canada

Sengupta¹,

Vieta²,

McMurtry³

2019

Preprint

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This article seeks to understand Indigenous social enterprise in a "current state snapshot" and in a complex historical context. Specifically, the authors begin by placing into theoretical context social enterprises serving Indigenous communities. The framework for Indigenous social enterprise is related to theories of Indigenous entrepreneurship and "quadruple bottom line" organizations. The authors explain the role of culture as an underresearched element and as a critical component of Indigenous social enterprise. The article also highlights gender leadership of social enterprise in Indigenous communities. Finally, the article provides three case studies that exemplify Indigenous social enterprise in Canada. RÉSUMÉDans cet article, les auteurs cherchent à comprendre les entreprises sociales autochtones dans leur état actuel ainsi que dans la complexité de leur contexte historique. Plus précisément, les auteurs commencent leur article en situant dans un contexte théorique particulier les entreprises sociales desservant les communautés autochtones. Le cadre utilisé pour décrire ces entreprises a des liens avec des théories sur l'entreprenariat autochtone et sur les organisations à quadruple résultat. Ensuite, les auteurs représentent la culture comme étant à la fois un élément insuffisamment étudié et une composante critique de l'entreprise sociale dans un milieu autochtone. D'autre part, ils rendent compte de la prédominance des leaders féminins dans ces entreprises. Finalement, ils présentent trois études de cas illustrant l'entreprise sociale autochtone au Canada.

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“…Backlash -some of it obviously anti-Semitic -against the peddler trader in the period has obvious relevance in the present day as Dene continue to negotiate, on their own terms, the opportunities offered in resource industrial expansion, pipeline developments, and cash wage-earning in Canada's rapidly changing north. 7 …”

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confidence: 99%

Itinerant Jewish and Arabic Trading in the Dene’s North, 1916-1930

Colpitts¹

2014

jcha

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In late nineteenth century and especially in the interwar years, “free traders” took advantage of better transport systems to expand trade with Dene people in the Athabasca and Mackenzie Districts. Well versed in fur grading and supported by credit in the expanding industrializing fur industry in the south, “itinerant” peddlers worked independently and often controversially alongside larger capitalized fur companies such as the Hudson’s Bay Company. A large number of these newcomers were Jews. This article suggests that Jews and, to a lesser extent, Lebanese and other Arabic traders became critical in the modernization of the Canadian North. They helped create an itinerant trader-Dene “contact zone” where the mixed meaning of credit, cash, and goods transactions provided northern Aboriginal trappers the means to negotiate modernism on their own terms in the interwar years. However, by the late 1920s, the state, encouraged by larger capitalized companies, implemented policies to restrict and finally close down this contact zone. The history of itinerant trading, then, raises questions about the long-term history of capitalism and co-related economic neo-colonialism in the Canadian north and their impact on First Nations.

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Indigenous Economies, Theories of Subsistence, and Women: <em>Exploring the Social Economy Model for Indigenous Governance</em>

Cited by 81 publications

References 1 publication

Indian Country Poverty: Place‐Based Poverty on American Indian Territories, 2006–10

Indian Country Poverty: Place‐Based Poverty on American Indian Territories, 2006–10

Indigenous Communities and Social Enterprise in Canada

Itinerant Jewish and Arabic Trading in the Dene’s North, 1916-1930

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