Individual and Collective Training in Live, Virtual and Constructive Environments. Training Concepts for Virtual Environments

Collective Simulation-Based Training in the U.S. Army: User Interface Fidelity, Costs, and Training Effectiveness

“…An emphasis on simulator characteristics and subjective assessment is also apparent in efforts to determine appropriate levels of fidelity in SBT. The Army and other services have supported development of a number of models or decision aids to assist in training design (e.g., see Goldberg and Khattri, 1987) or device configuration (see Hays and Singer, 1989) to determine the degree to which collective tasks can be performed (and therefore, potentially trained) using a particular SBT system (e.g., Burnside, 1990); identify whether networked simulations can supplement other forms of training to inhibit skill decay in teams (Swezey et al, 1998); and recommend training approaches, such as live, virtual, constructive, or hybrid approaches (e.g., IFC International, 2013;Sticha, Campbell, and Knerr, 2002). Typically, these models decompose tasks, equipment, and/or environments into discrete elements.…”