Individual Differences as a Key Factor to Uncover the Neural Underpinnings of Hedonic and Social Functions of Human Olfaction: Current Findings from PET and fMRI Studies and Future Considerations

Mantel, Marylou; Ferdenzi, Camille; Roy, Jean-Michel; Bensafi, Moustafa

doi:10.1007/s10548-019-00733-9

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…This suggests that odor hedonic perception is a highly complex response that prevents direct and relevant comparisons between men and women in the general population. Besides, current research demonstrates that individual pleasantness of odors is not detectable in fMRI (Ruser et al, 2021), probably because this process is coded in joint networks (Mantel et al, 2019). Thus, future research in this field -especially food studies, toxicological or specific exposure studies, quality of life studies, must cross several factors in a multidimensional approaches among which gender could be included in order to contribute to the knowledge of the human affective neurosciences (Becker et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Sex Differences in Odor Hedonic Perception: An Overview

2021

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Odor hedonic evaluation (pleasant/unpleasant) is considered as the first and one of the most prominent dimension in odor perception. While sex differences in human olfaction have been extensively explored, gender effect in hedonic perception appears to be less considered. However, a number of studies have included comparisons between men and women, using different types of measurements (psychophysical, psychophysiological,…). This overview presents experimental works with non-specific and body odors separately presented as well as experimental studies comparing healthy participants vs patients with psychiatric disorders. Contrary to sensitivity, identification or discrimination, the overall literature tends to prove that no so clear differences occur in odor hedonic judgment between men and women. On the whole, gender effect appears more marked for body than non-specific odors and is almost never reported in psychiatric diseases. These findings are discussed in relation to the processes classically implied in pleasantness rating and emotional processes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Sex Differences in Odor Hedonic Perception: An Overview

2021

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“…Psychophysical testing is implemented for trigeminal functions, also in an automated way ( Hummel et al, 2016 ; Huart et al, 2019 ). The central processing of chemosensory stimuli has been investigated with chemosensory event-related potentials for olfactory and trigeminal stimuli ( Kobal and Hummel, 1988 ) and with the more recent neuroimaging techniques, including PET and fMRI ( Small et al, 2004 ; Gottfried and Zald, 2005 ; Barresi et al, 2012 ; Mantel et al, 2019 ), also using computerized pulse-ejection systems ( Kumazaki et al, 2016 ; Mazzatenta et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Clinical Testing Of Chemosensory Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Not Only COVID-19: Involvement of Multiple Chemosensory Systems in Human Diseases

Caretta

Mucignat-Caretta

2022

Front. Neural Circuits

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Chemosensory systems are deemed marginal in human pathology. In appraising their role, we aim at suggesting a paradigm shift based on the available clinical and experimental data that will be discussed. Taste and olfaction are polymodal sensory systems, providing inputs to many brain structures that regulate crucial visceral functions, including metabolism but also endocrine, cardiovascular, respiratory, and immune systems. Moreover, other visceral chemosensory systems monitor different essential chemical parameters of “milieu intérieur,” transmitting their data to the brain areas receiving taste and olfactory inputs; hence, they participate in regulating the same vital functions. These chemosensory cells share many molecular features with olfactory or taste receptor cells, thus they may be affected by the same pathological events. In most COVID-19 patients, taste and olfaction are disturbed. This may represent only a small portion of a broadly diffuse chemosensory incapacitation. Indeed, many COVID-19 peculiar symptoms may be explained by the impairment of visceral chemosensory systems, for example, silent hypoxia, diarrhea, and the “cytokine storm”. Dysregulation of chemosensory systems may underlie the much higher mortality rate of COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) compared to ARDSs of different origins. In chronic non-infectious diseases like hypertension, diabetes, or cancer, the impairment of taste and/or olfaction has been consistently reported. This may signal diffuse chemosensory failure, possibly worsening the prognosis of these patients. Incapacitation of one or few chemosensory systems has negligible effects on survival under ordinary life conditions but, under stress, like metabolic imbalance or COVID-19 pneumonia, the impairment of multiple chemosensory systems may lead to dire consequences during the course of the disease.

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“…This is notwithstanding the large and growing scientific evidence pointing at substantial individual differences in odor perception-due to genetics, demographics, habits, etc. [51][52][53][54][55][56]. This variability pertains to all aspects of olfaction, such as the specific quality of the perception (how does a scent test to different consumers), its perceived intensity (how strong it will be experienced as), and its valence (is it going to be perceived as pleasant or unpleasant).…”

Section: A Roadmap For Future Research In Aromachologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Aromachology and Customer Behavior in Retail Stores: A Systematic Review

2021

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Interest in the use of scents in retail environments for creating better customer experiences is growing. Yet, knowledge of the effectiveness of aromachology to affect actual customer behavior and ultimately increase turnover is incomplete, as published results present inconsistencies and are often based on highly controlled environments rather than actual store environments. Situated within this context, this paper offers a systematic review on research in aromachology with a focus on effects on actual customer behavior in actual retail environments. As expected, the available research on actual environments (relative to laboratory-based studies) is limited, with only 20 articles meeting the inclusion criteria. While reported results are, overall, indicative of the positive effects of scent on customers’ emotional states and on their in-store behavior (dwell time, product choices) and attitudes (purchase intention, intention to revisit), several critical issues with the available literature emerged. These pertain primarily to a lack of sufficient methodological details (specifically on the scents, their compositions, intensity and methods of delivery), a narrow focus on scents without considering interactions with other atmospherics factors, and a general disregard of individual differences in olfaction. The review provides suggestions for addressing these shortcomings and improving the quality and actionability of this line of research.

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Individual Differences as a Key Factor to Uncover the Neural Underpinnings of Hedonic and Social Functions of Human Olfaction: Current Findings from PET and fMRI Studies and Future Considerations

Cited by 20 publications

References 70 publications

Sex Differences in Odor Hedonic Perception: An Overview

Sex Differences in Odor Hedonic Perception: An Overview

Not Only COVID-19: Involvement of Multiple Chemosensory Systems in Human Diseases

Aromachology and Customer Behavior in Retail Stores: A Systematic Review

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