Induced Sputum Cellularity

Spanevello, Antonio; Confalonieri, Marco; Sulotto, F; Romano, Francesco; Balzano, Giovanni; Migliori, Giovanni Battista; Bianchi, Alessandro; Michetti, Giovanni

doi:10.1164/ajrccm.162.3.9908057

Cited by 199 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…A comparison of the results in the present study with a study of healthy, nonsmoking, nonatopic subjects (n=114) [22], suggested that sputum samples contained approximately the same number of cells, except for a higher percentage of neutrophils (48% versus 27%) in the waste collector workers. The low eosinophil concentration suggested a nonspecific inflammation mediated by neutrophils.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 46%

Airway inflammation in waste handlers exposed to bioaerosols assessed by induced sputum

Heldal¹,

Halstensen²,

Thorn³

et al. 2003

Eur Respir J

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Work-associated lower airway inflammation in waste collectors was examined by induced sputum and correlated with the bioaerosol exposure.Organic waste collectors (n=25) underwent induced sputum collection and spirometry before work on Monday and the following Thursday. Total cells, cell differentials, interleukin (IL)-8 and eosinophilic cationic protein were determined. Personal full-shift exposure measurements were performed Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday and analysed for total bacteria, fungal spores, endotoxins and b (1-3) -glucans.The percentage of neutrophils (46-58%) and the IL-8 concentration (1.1-1.4 ng?mL

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 46%

Airway inflammation in waste handlers exposed to bioaerosols assessed by induced sputum

Heldal¹,

Halstensen²,

Thorn³

et al. 2003

Eur Respir J

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“…The range (3.5% as 90 percentile) was comparable to those from previous studies conducted in Western populations [6, 7]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Induced sputum eosinophil is still one of the most useful biomarkers for asthma [1]; as it has clinical utility in phenotyping asthma or predicting the treatment response [1, 4, 5]. However, currently available reference levels (defined as more than 3% of eosinophil count in total cell count) have been derived from Western population studies [6, 7, 8, 9, 10], but not have been examined in Korean adults yet. Considering the potential heterogeneity in fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) levels among ethnic groups [11], induced sputum profiles also need to be examined specifically for Korean populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reference ranges for induced sputum eosinophil counts in Korean adult population

Kim

Lee

et al. 2014

Asia Pacific Allergy

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BackgroundInduced sputum analyses are widely utilized to evaluate airway inflammation in asthmatics. However, the values have not been examined in Korean adults.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to determine reference ranges for induced sputum eosinophils and their influencing factors in Korean adults.MethodsA total of 208 healthy nonasthmatic adults were recruited. Sputum induction and processing followed the international standard protocols.ResultsAdequate sputum samples were successfully collected from 81 subjects (38.9%). The upper 90 percentile for sputum eosinophil was calculated as 3.5%. The median value of eosinophil count percentage was significantly higher in subjects with atopy than those without atopy (median, 1.6%; range, 0-11.0% vs. median, 0%; range 0-3.6%, p=0.030). However, no significant correlations were found with age, gender, body mass index, smoking status, blood eosinophil, or fractional exhaled nitric oxide levels.ConclusionCurrent study was the first attempt to determine the reference ranges of induced sputum eosinophils in Korean adults. The cutoff value for sputum eosinophilia was 3.5%, and was significantly associated with atopy.

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“…In our study, 6 out of 10 asthmatic patients and 9 out of 35 COPD patients, without a difference between COPD phenotypes, had sputum eosinophil percentages greater than 3% (the upper limit of normal distribution in a large sample of healthy patients in Italy) [21]. Some authors have reported sputum eosinophilia in patients with pulmonary emphysema [22] without comparing them with other COPD phenotypes, however.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Biological Markers in Induced Sputum of Patients with Different Phenotypes of Chronic Airway Obstruction

Bartoli

Franco²,

Vagaggini³

et al. 2008

Respiration

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Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by a combination of 3 different disorders, namely chronic asthma, chronic bronchitis and pulmonary emphysema, sometimes simultaneously present in the same subject. Objectives: The aim of our study was to compare sputum inflammatory markers in patients with different phenotypes of chronic airway obstruction. Methods: Forty-five subjects (forced expiratory volume in 1 s/vital capacity, FEV₁/VC: 58.8 ± 12.2%; FEV₁: 49.8 ± 11.5% of predicted) were classified as chronic asthma (n = 10) or COPD patients (n = 35); the latter were further divided into patients with prevalent chronic bronchitis (n = 24) or prevalent pulmonary emphysema (n = 11) according to clinical history and functional evaluation, and underwent sputum induction and analysis of inflammatory cell and soluble mediators. Results: Patients with chronic asthma showed higher sputum eosinophil percentages and eosinophilic cationic protein levels, and lower neutrophil percentages and neutrophil elastase levels than COPD patients. Neutrophil chemotactic activity in sputum supernatant was higher than the pool of normal subjects both in chronic asthma and COPD patients. No difference in sputum cell composition and levels of soluble mediators was observed between patients with chronic bronchitis and patients with pulmonary emphysema. Conclusions: The pattern of airway inflammation in induced sputum of patients with chronic asthma is different from that of COPD patients with a similar FEV₁. Among COPD patients, however, the pattern of airway inflammation shows no difference between chronic bronchitis and patients with pulmonary emphysema, suggesting that these two clinically and functionally distinct phenotypes share a common inflammatory pattern as detected by induced sputum.

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Induced Sputum Cellularity

Cited by 199 publications

References 13 publications

Airway inflammation in waste handlers exposed to bioaerosols assessed by induced sputum

Airway inflammation in waste handlers exposed to bioaerosols assessed by induced sputum

Reference ranges for induced sputum eosinophil counts in Korean adult population

Biological Markers in Induced Sputum of Patients with Different Phenotypes of Chronic Airway Obstruction

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