Infectious Bursal Disease Emulsified Vaccine: Effect upon Neutralizing-Antibody Levels in the Dam and Subsequent Protection of the Progeny

Lucio, Benjamin; Hitchner, S. B.

doi:10.2307/1589577

Cited by 99 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Relative mass of the bursa of Fabricius and spleen and relative mass index were determined according to Lucio and Hitchner (1979). The results were evaluated in a TNS/GC (AK Slusovice) computer using Abstat programme at the 95 % level of significance.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB) on the Infection of Chickens with Turkey Herpesvirus THV-BIO-I

Halouzka¹,

Jurajda²

1992

Acta Vet. Brno

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The effects of polychlorinated biphenyls (Delor 103) on Brown Hisex chickens infected with vaccination turkey herpesvirus THV-BIO-I were studied in a 5-week experiment. One group of l-day-old chicks were infected in doses of approximately 10· PFU per bird and fed a commercial feed mixture K. Another group of chicks were infected in the same way and fed feed mixture K contaminated with PCB (Delor 103) at 50 mg. kg_ 1 feed mixture. Non-infected chickens fed non-contaminated feed mixture K were used as controls. At weekly intervals the chickens were subiected to serological examination and weighed, and their lymphoid organs, skin, nerves and gonads were examined histopathologically.PCB (Delor 103) produced a reduction in body mass and a disturbance in feather growth. The incidence of lymphoid cellulisates in the organs was not affected. The lymphoid organs of chickens merely infected with THV-BIO-I exhibited only moderate cytolytic changes; atrophy of the spleen and of the bursa of Fabricius were found at the end of the experiment. The lymphoid organs of chickens both infected and fed PCB (Delor 103) showed more conspicuous regressive changes from the 3rd week p. i. These may be a cause of vaccination failure. Post-infection antibody was not found in any of the birds. Brown Hisex chickens were apparently more resistant to the effects of PCB (Delor 103) than Brown Leghorn chickens used in a previous experiment. Brown Hisex chicken, PCB, Turkey herpesvirus THV-BIO-I, lymphoid organs, immunosuppressionThe causes of inadequate protection of poultry after vaccination are related in general to potency of the vaccine and to host and ecological factors. Included among these factors can be the presence of maternal antibody, genetic make-up, incidence of infectious agents of various pathogenicity and immunosuppression of all sorts of origin. In our previous experiments on chickens polychlorinated biphenyls (Delor 103) were found to exert a strong immunosuppressive effect Halouzka et al. 1990) and, combined with simultaneous infection with non-oncogenic Makek's disease viruses (MDV), resulted in a synergic suppressive effect on the lymphoid organs (Halouzka and Jurajda 1991c).Non-pathogenic turkey herpesvirus THV-BIO-I, which is used in our country for vaccination against Marek's disease (MD) (Salaj et al. 1976) induces moderate transient cytolytic changes in the bursa of Fabricius and thymus of susceptible chickens when administered in high doses (Halouzka and Jurajda 1992a). In the organs and tissues it causes the development oflymphoid cellulisates (Benda and Hlozanek 1975;Witter et al. 1976).The present study was designed to characterize the effects of PCB (Delor 103) on the pathogenesis of morphological changes in the organs of experimental chickens infected with THV--BIO-I contained in a commercial vaccine, MARVAK.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB) on the Infection of Chickens with Turkey Herpesvirus THV-BIO-I

Halouzka¹,

Jurajda²

1992

Acta Vet. Brno

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“…Vaccine efficacy was assessed on the basis of results of serologic assays (titres of post-vaccination antibodies and number of positive chickens) and the relative weight of the bursa of Fabricius calculated as the weight of the bursa of Fabricius (g) / weight of chicken (g) × 1000 (Lucio a Hitchner 1979).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Infectious Bursal Disease Vaccination Strains on the Immune System in Leghorn Chickens

Kulikova¹,

Jurajda²,

Juranová³

2004

Acta Vet. Brno

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“…At two-week intervals 10 birds of each group were weighed, killed by decapitation and determination was made of relative mass of their bursa of Fabricius and spleen according to Lucio and Hitchner (1979).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Chronic Intoxication of Chickens with Polychlorinated Biphenyls (Delor 103)

Halouzka¹,

Jurajda²,

Vádvrová³

1993

Acta Vet. Brno

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Halouzka, R., V. Jurajda and Milada Vavrova: Experimental Chronic Intoxication of Chickens with Polychlorinated Biphenyls (Delor 103). Acta vet. Bmo, 62,1993: 151-157.The effect of long-term intake of feed contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) in the form of Delor 103, a technical preparation (42% chlorine), on the dynamics of development of the morphological changes in the organs of chickens was investigated in an in-vivo experiment.Brown Hisex layer hybrid cockerels from a commercial flock were fed a feed mixture contaminated with Delor 3 in dosed of 25 mg . kg-lor 50 mg • kg-l from 1 day to 10 weeks of age. At 2-week intervals they were weighed and sacrificed and relative mass of the bursa of Fabricius and spleen was determined. The lymphoid organs, liver, kidney, caecal valve, Harder's gland, oesophagus, gonads, skin and other grossly changed organs were subjected to histological examination. In evaluating the bursa of Fabricius, thymus and spleen use was also made of semiquantitative criteria. Pooled samples of the pectoral muscle were analysed for PCB content.The alterations in the clinical status, body growth and relative mass of the bursa of Fabricius and spleen correlated with the dose level. Even the lower dose produced lymphocytotoxic, hepatotoxic and vascularotoxic effects. The changes observed at the end of the experiment corresponded to chronic intoxication with PCB. Of interest were the findings of adenoma of the pancreas and mainly dystrophic lesions in the central and peripheral nervous system. Brown Hisex, chickens, PCB, organs, pathological changes• Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) are in consequence of their biological effects one of the causes of impairment of basic food products and foodstuffs of animal origin (Vavrova 1984). The main pathological changes found by a number of writers after intoxication with PCB in the organs of animals of various species including domestic fowls were included by Safe et al. (1987) in their monograph. In our country the effects of PCB on domestic fowls were studied by Herzig (1984Herzig ( ,1987, Lopuchovsky (1986) and Ko §utzky (1987). A detailed description of the morphological changes in the organs of chickens after short-term intake of highly toxic PCB doses and after long-term intake of medium toxic PCB doses was presented in a previous report by Halouzka et al. (1990).The object of the present study was to identify morphological changes in the organs of experimental chickens after long-term administration of low PCB doses. Materials and MethodsThe experimental birds were Brown Hisex layer hybrid cockerels. Delor 103 (produced by Chemko Str~ske n. p.), a technical preparation containing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and 42% chlorine, was dissolved in xylene so that 500 m1 of the solution contained 5 g Delor 103 •

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Infectious Bursal Disease Emulsified Vaccine: Effect upon Neutralizing-Antibody Levels in the Dam and Subsequent Protection of the Progeny

Cited by 99 publications

References 17 publications

Effect of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB) on the Infection of Chickens with Turkey Herpesvirus THV-BIO-I

Effect of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB) on the Infection of Chickens with Turkey Herpesvirus THV-BIO-I

Effects of Infectious Bursal Disease Vaccination Strains on the Immune System in Leghorn Chickens

Experimental Chronic Intoxication of Chickens with Polychlorinated Biphenyls (Delor 103)

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