Inflammation and Chronic Prostatic Diseases: Evidence for a Link?

Sciarra, Alessandro; Silverio, F. Di; Salciccia, Stefano; Gómez, Ana M.; Gentilucci, Alessandro; Gentile, Vincenzo

doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2007.06.038

Cited by 176 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…However, they concluded that inflammation appeared to be involved in the development of both prostate problems. Others 4,5 have also suggested that inflammation is involved in the development of BPH. The exact cause of BPH remains unknown, and according to Untergasser et al 6 the only two well-established factors associated with BPH are androgens and age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of diet and exercise intervention on the growth of prostate epithelial cells

Barnard

Kobayashi

Aronson

2008

Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis

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Epidemiological studies suggest a positive association between nutrient intake, hyperinsulinemia and risk of Benign prostatic hyperplasis (BPH). This study tests the hypothesis that a low-fat, highfiber diet and daily exercise would lower serum insulin and reduce the growth of serum-stimulated primary prostate epithelial cells in culture. Serum samples were obtained from eight overweight men before and after the Pritikin residential, 2-week diet and exercise intervention and from seven men who were long-term followers of the low-fat, high-fiber diet and regular exercise lifestyle. The serum was used to stimulate primary prostate epithelial cells in culture. Growth was measured after 48 and 96 h and apoptosis after 96 h. At 48 h there was no significant difference in growth within the Pre, 2-week or Long-Term groups. At 96 h growth was significantly reduced in the 2-week (13%) and in the Long-Term (14%) groups compared to the Pre data. At 96 h, apoptosis was not significantly different among the three groups. Fasting insulin was reduced by 30% in the 2-week group and by 52% in the Long-Term group compared to the Pre data. Testosterone was unchanged in the 2-week group. The results of this study indicate that a low-fat, high-fiber diet and daily exercise lowers insulin and reduces growth of prostate primary epithelial cells and suggests that lifestyle may be an important factor in the development or progression of BPH. Future prospective trials should address the effects of this lifestyle modification on BPH symptomatology and progression.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of diet and exercise intervention on the growth of prostate epithelial cells

Barnard

Kobayashi

Aronson

2008

Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis

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“…There has been a renewed interest in examining the role of histological inflammation in the pathogenesis and progression of BPH. Evolving basic science data suggest that asymptomatic prostatic inflammation is associated with the development of histological BPH [2,3]. Inflammation detected in prostate biopsies performed at baseline assessment in a subgroup of over 1000 patients enrolled in the Medical Therapies of Prostate Symptoms (MTOPS) study predicted progression events such as symptom worsening, acute urinary retention, and need for surgery in placebo-treated patients [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Prostate Inflammation and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: Examination of Baseline Data from the REDUCE Trial

Nickel¹,

Roehrborn²,

O’Leary³

et al. 2008

European Urology

391

335

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Objective-The ongoing REDUCE trial is a 4-yr, phase 3, placebo-controlled study to determine if daily dutasteride 0.5 mg reduces the risk of biopsy detectable prostate cancer. Prostate biopsies performed in all men prior to entry were centrally reviewed, thus allowing an examination of the relationship between inflammatory changes and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).Methods-Eligible men were aged 50-75 yr, with serum prostate-specific antigen ≥2.5 ng/ml and ≤10 ng/ml (50-60 yr), or ≥3.0 ng/ml and ≤10 ng/ml (>60 yr) and an International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) <25 (or <20 if already on alpha-blocker therapy). Acute prostatitis was an exclusion criterion. For a given individual, inflammation was assessed across all cores and the amount of inflammation scored as none (0), mild (1), moderate (2), or marked (3). LUTS was assessed with the use of the IPSS. The relationship between inflammation scores (averaged over all cores) and total IPSS; grouped IPSS (0-3, 4-7, 8-11, 12-15, 16-19, ≥20); and irritative, obstructive, and nocturia subscores was determined by Spearman rank correlations. The relative contribution of inflammation, age, and body mass index was then examined with the use of linear regression analyses.Results-Data were available for 8224 men. Statistically significant but relatively weak correlations were found between average and maximum chronic inflammation and IPSS variables (correlation coefficients, 0.057 and 0.036, respectively; p < 0.001 for total IPSS). Both age and *Corresponding author. J. Curtis Nickel, Professor of Urology, Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 2V7. Tel. 613-548-2497; Fax: 613-545-1970. E-mail address: jcn@queensu.ca (J.C. Nickel). Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.Presented at the 22nd Annual EAU Congress, Berlin, Germany, March, 2007 Take-home message Central review of initial prostate biopsies performed in men enrolled into the REDUCE trial allowed examination of the relationship between inflammation and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). In this population, there was a relationship between LUTS and chronic inflammation. average chronic inflammation were significant in the linear regression after adjustment for other covariates; for both variables, more severe inflammation was associated with higher IPSS scores. NIH Public AccessConclusions-In the REDUCE population, there is evidence of a relationship between the degree of LUTS and the degree of chronic inflammation. Study entry criteria that selected older men and decreased enrolment of men with a greater degree of inflammation ...

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“…Furthermore, inflammatory cells produce growth factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), which may support fibromuscular growth in BPH (8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Serenoa Repens, Selenium and Lycopene (Profluss®) on chronic inflammation associated with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: results of “FLOG” (Flogosis and Profluss in Prostatic and Genital Disease), a multicentre Italian study

et al. 2013

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Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Profluss® on prostatic chronic inflammation (PCI). Materials and Methods:We prospectively enrolled 168 subjects affected by LUTS due to bladder outlet obstruction submitted to 12 cores prostatic biopsy for suspected prostate cancer + 2 cores collected for PCI valuation. First group consisted of 108 subjects, with histological diagnosis of PCI associated with BPH and high grade PIN and/or ASAP, randomly assigned to 1:1 ratio to daily Profluss® (group I) for 6 months or to control group (group Ic). Second group consisted of 60 subjects, with histological diagnosis of BPH, randomly assigned to 1:1 ratio to daily Profluss® + α-blockers treatment (group II) for 3 months or to control group (group IIc). After 6 months first group underwent 24 cores prostatic re-biopsy + 2 cores for PCI while after 3 months second group underwent two-cores prostatic for PCI. Specimens were evaluated for changes in inflammation parameters and for density of T-cells (CD3, CD8), B-cells (CD20) and macrophages (CD68). Results: At follow-up there were statistical significant reductions of extension and grading of flogosis, mean values of CD20, CD3, CD68 and mean PSA value in group I compared to Ic, while extension and grading of flogosis in group II were inferior to IIc but not statistical significant. A statistically significant reduction in the density of CD20, CD3, CD68, CD8 was demonstrated in group II in respect to control IIc. Conclusions: Serenoa repens+Selenium+Lycopene may have an anti-inflammatory activity that could be of interest in the treatment of PCI in BPH and/or PIN/ASAP patients.

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Inflammation and Chronic Prostatic Diseases: Evidence for a Link?

Cited by 176 publications

References 33 publications

Effect of diet and exercise intervention on the growth of prostate epithelial cells

Effect of diet and exercise intervention on the growth of prostate epithelial cells

The Relationship between Prostate Inflammation and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: Examination of Baseline Data from the REDUCE Trial

Effects of Serenoa Repens, Selenium and Lycopene (Profluss®) on chronic inflammation associated with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: results of “FLOG” (Flogosis and Profluss in Prostatic and Genital Disease), a multicentre Italian study

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