Inflammatory and Lipid-Associated Markers of Cardiovascular Diseases in Children with First Exacerbation of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Abstract

BackgroundAdult patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk of early atherosclerosis and atherosclerosis-driven cardiovascular diseases. However, data on the development of early, subclinical atherosclerosis in children with IBD are scarce. The aim of this study was to assess selected biomarkers of atherosclerosis in children with IBD.Material/MethodsThe study group comprised 30 children with first exacerbation of IBD. Twenty healthy children were enrolled into the control group. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoproteins (LDL), high-density lipoproteins (HDL), lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)), interleukin 6 (Il-6), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and oxidized LDL (ox LDL) were determined.ResultsThere were no significant differences in lipids profiles in IBD children and controls. Mean IL-6 level (8.996 pg/ml) was significantly higher in the IBD group compared to controls (3.502 pg/ml). Mean hs-CRP concentration was significantly higher in IBD children than in controls (7.648 and 1.290 μg/ml, respectively). In the IBD group, mean ox-LDL concentration (144.837 ng/ml) was lower than in controls (162.352 ng/ml), but the difference was non-significant (P=0.4). Mean Lp(a) serum level was higher in patients with IBD (19.418 mg/dl) than in controls (10.970 mg/dl), but it was also non-significant.ConclusionsNo significant differences were found in biomarkers of atherosclerosis in children with IBD compared to controls. Elevated IL-6 and hs-CRP level are well-established inflammatory markers. Further studies are needed to fully determine cardiovascular risk factors in IBD children.

Low childhood high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and subsequent risk for chronic inflammatory bowel disease

“…There is a paucity of data concerning the association between early life HDL-cholesterol levels and later risk of IBD. In contrast to our findings based on a longitudinal population-based cohort study of over 3500 children, a smaller, cross-sectional Polish study reported similar lipid profiles in 30 children with first IBD flare and 20 healthy controls [16]. Among young adults (mean age 31 years), Cappello et al observed that total and LDL-cholesterol levels were statistically significantly lower in IBD patients compared to controls whereas the difference was non-significant in HDL-cholesterol levels [17].…”

“…Physical activity was assessed with questions concerning the frequency and intensity of physical activity and a physical activity index was calculated based on the variables as previously described [10]. There were two different kinds of physical activity questionnaires for the younger (three to six year olds, a parent completed questionnaire) and older children (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18) year olds, self-completed questionnaire). The calculated physical activity indices were age-standardized to allow comparison across age groups.…”

The risk of cardiovascular complications in inflammatory bowel disease

“…Pac-Kożuchowska et al performed the study comprising 30 children with first exacerbation of IBD to assess selected biomarkers of atherosclerosis in children with IBD. No significant differences were found in biomarkers of atherosclerosis in children with IBD compared to controls [63].…”

Selective Imaging of Lipids in Adipocytes by Using an Imidazolyl Derivative of Perylene Bisimide

“…Similarly, altered lipid peroxidation results in a variety of oxidants and has been linked with neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases . Altered lipid metabolism has been used as a marker for several human diseases, including FLDs, liver fibrosis, and inflammatory bowel diseases . Unfortunately, the early diagnosis of FLDs heavily relies on invasive procedures, such a liver biopsy.…”