Inflammatory cytokine profiles in the tears of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy

Huang, Danping; Xu, Ning; Song, Yiyue; Wang, Peijuan; Yang, Huasheng

doi:10.1007/s00417-011-1863-x

Cited by 69 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…[11][12][13] We found several drawbacks in basal tear collection and analysis in our study. First, the ocular surface of TAO patients is usually covered by mixed tears with reflex tears in it caused by ocular surface damage; meanwhile, basal tears in TAO patients are very difficult to collect because the tear fluid volume is rather small and susceptible to environment and stimulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…11,28,29 Tear IL-1b, IL-6, and IL-17A levels were higher as CAS increased, indicating that it may be possible to use these cytokines as markers of disease activity. The results also indicated that Th1 cytokines, Th2 cytokines, and Th17 cytokines were involved in the course of TAO.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12,13 Our previous study 11 showed that several inflammatory cytokines increase in the tears of TAO patients, which indicated that orbital inflammation may be involved in the ocular surface damage of TAO. The possibility of lacrimal gland involvement is even higher when considering the altered regulation of protective proteins secreted specifically from lacrimal gland.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…From another perspective, lacrimal gland inflammation can be reflected not only in enlarged or ill-defined imaging, but also in the increased production of proinflammatory cytokines 10,11 and proteomic changes in tears. 12,13 Our previous study 11 showed that several inflammatory cytokines increase in the tears of TAO patients, which indicated that orbital inflammation may be involved in the ocular surface damage of TAO.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes of Lacrimal Gland and Tear Inflammatory Cytokines in Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy

Huang

Luo

Yang

et al. 2014

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 95%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes of Lacrimal Gland and Tear Inflammatory Cytokines in Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy

Huang

Luo

Yang

et al. 2014

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…Previous reports have shown that levels of inflammatory cytokines increased in the tear fluid from eyes with various ocular surface diseases such as dry eye, allergic conjunctivitis, corneal neovascularization, and thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. [13][14][15][16] Currently, the mechanism of the increase in cytokine expression in the tears of patients with NLD obstruction is not fully understood. The delayed tear clearance due to lacrimal insufficiency may be an important mechanism for the increase in cytokines in the tears of patients with NLD obstruction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in cytokines in tears after endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy for primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction

Lee

Kim

2014

Eye

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Purpose We attempted to compare the cytokine composition of tears between primary acquired nasolacrimal duct (NLD) obstruction and normal controls. We investigated the changes in cytokines in tears after endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR). Patients and methods Eighteen patients underwent endonasal DCR, with seven patients undergoing bilateral DCR, resulting in twenty-five DCRs in total. Eleven contralateral un-operated eyes were used as normal controls. Silicone stents were removed 3 months after surgery. Tear samples were collected from all eyes before surgery, and at 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, and 4 months after surgery. The level of interleukin (IL)-1b, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, transforming growth factor (TGF)-b2, fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the tears was measured. Results The concentrations of IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, VEGF, and FGF-2 were significantly higher in eyes with NLD obstruction than controls before surgery (P ¼ 0.006, 0.018, 0.002, 0.048, and 0.039, respectively). Most inflammatory cytokines (IL-1b, IL-2, IL-6, VEGF, and FGF-2) were higher in the tears of the DCR group compared with the controls during the postoperative follow-up, but then rapidly decreased to the level of the controls after removal of the silicone stent. The recurred eyes showed a higher level of TGF-b2 and FGF-2 in tears compared with the eyes that showed good surgical results (Po0.005 and o0.005, respectively). ConclusionThe tear levels of inflammatory cytokines were higher in eyes with NLD obstruction than controls. The changes in cytokine level during the postoperative period showed the importance of cytokine analysis in understanding wound healing after DCR.

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Elevated percentage of HLA-DR+ and ICAM-1+ conjunctival epithelial cells in active Graves’ orbitopathy

Pawłowski

Myśliwiec

Mrugacz

et al. 2014

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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BackgroundTo evaluate if conjunctival epithelial cells’ expression of HLA-DR and ICAM-1 could be helpful as early topical markers of inflammation in Graves’ orbitopathy (GO).MethodsThe ocular examination evaluated a clinical activity score (CAS) by assessment of clinical features, (e.g., eyelid or conjunctival inflammation, lid width, lid closure, proptosis, ocular motility). Conjunctival epithelial cell specimens for flow-cytometric evaluations of ICAM-I and HLADR expression were collected by impression cytology from ten eyes with active GO (CAS ≥ 4 and duration ≤ 12 months), from 15 eyes with Graves’ disease (GD) without active GO (CAS 0–2) and from 15 normal specimens without any ocular disorders.ResultsThe percentage of HLA-DR + conjunctival epithelial cells was significantly elevated in patients with active GO comparing to GD without active GO and healthy controls, 10.7 % (8.5–17.7) and 7.78 % (3.92–10.1) (p < 0.05) vs. control 4.89 % (3.5–5.5) (p < 0.005), respectively. The expression of ICAM − 1+ conjunctival epithelial cells was greater only in patients with GO vs. controls, 5.5 % (4.8–7.03) and 1.46 % (0.69–2.51) (p < 0.005), respectively.ConclusionThe percentage of HLA-DR+ and ICAM-1+ conjunctival epithelial cells in patients with the active GO may serve as a topical inflammation marker in Graves’ orbitopathy.

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Inflammatory cytokine profiles in the tears of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy

Abstract: The differences of tear inflammatory cytokines between patients with active and inactive TAO indicated that orbital inflammation may be involved in the ocular surface damage of TAO.

Cited by 69 publications

References 36 publications

Changes of Lacrimal Gland and Tear Inflammatory Cytokines in Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy

Changes of Lacrimal Gland and Tear Inflammatory Cytokines in Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy

Changes in cytokines in tears after endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy for primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction

Elevated percentage of HLA-DR+ and ICAM-1+ conjunctival epithelial cells in active Graves’ orbitopathy

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