Influence of background dynamics on the vertical distribution of trace gases (CO/WV/O3) in the UTLS region during COVID-19 lockdown over India

Kumar, A. Hemanth; Ratnam, M. Venkat; Jain, Chaithanya D.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2021.105876

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Thus, it was concluded that the decreased PM 2.5 concentrations during the Lock and Tri periods were conducive to higher solar radiation and helped enhance the photochemical reactions during the daytime ( Dang and Liao, 2019 ; Li et al, 2019 ; Sharma et al, 2020 ). An O 3 increase during lockdown was also related to the more pronounced influence of vertical transport, which highlights the study of the associated atmospheric dynamics proposed previously by Kumar et al (2022) .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

“…These findings are generally consistent with our findings that the decline in PM2.5 concentration was largely caused by the weaker effects of emission and the aerosol process. In addition, the increased vertical export of PM 2.5 from the surface to the upper layer also accounted for the surface PM 2.5 decrease during the Lock period, reported previously by Kumar et al (2022) .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

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Integrated process analysis retrieval of changes in ground-level ozone and fine particulate matter during the COVID-19 outbreak in the coastal city of Kannur, India

Ye¹,

Rupakheti²,

Huang³

et al. 2022

Environmental Pollution

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

Integrated process analysis retrieval of changes in ground-level ozone and fine particulate matter during the COVID-19 outbreak in the coastal city of Kannur, India

Ye¹,

Rupakheti²,

Huang³

et al. 2022

Environmental Pollution

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“…Here, O 3 concentration has decreased, unlike in urban areas, the NO x is limited in the rural area and rich in VOC, any further reduction in NO x will only decrease the concentration of O 3 . Studies on CO levels at 925 hPa pressure level show a 5–10% increase over the Central India region (Alladi et al, 2021 ). While in the industrialized area of Gujarat, the surface data from Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) indicates an improved Air Quality Index, the concentration of NO 2 and CO have reduced by 30–84%, 3–55% and the O 3 concentration increased by 16–48% (Selvam et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial variability of trace gases (NO2, O3 and CO) over Indian region during 2020 and 2021 COVID-19 lockdowns

Vignesh

Jain

Saikranthi

et al. 2023

Environ Monit Assess

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COVID-19 lockdown has given us an opportunity to investigate the pollutant concentrations in response to the restricted anthropogenic activities. The atmospheric concentration levels of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), carbon monoxide (CO) and ozone (O 3 ) have been analysed for the periods during the first wave of COVID-19 lockdown in 2020 (25th March–31st May 2020) and during the partial lockdowns due to second wave in 2021 (25th March–15th June 2021) across India. The trace gas measurements from Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) and Atmosphere InfraRed Sounder (AIRS) satellites have been used. An overall decrease in the concentration of O 3 (5–10%) and NO 2 (20–40%) have been observed during the 2020 lockdown when compared with business as usual (BAU) period in 2019, 2018 and 2017. However, the CO concentration increased up to 10–25% especially in the central-west region. O 3 and NO 2 slightly increased or had no change in 2021 lockdown when compared with the BAU period, but CO showed a mixed variation prominently influenced by the biomass burning/forest fire activities. The changes in trace gas levels during 2020 lockdown have been predominantly due to the reduction in the anthropogenic activities, whereas in 2021, the changes have been mostly due to natural factors like meteorology and long-range transport, as the emission levels have been similar to that of BAU. Later phases of 2021 lockdown saw the dominant effect of rainfall events resulting in washout of pollutants. This study reveals that partial or local lockdowns have very less impact on reducing pollution levels on a regional scale as natural factors like atmospheric long-range transport and meteorology play deciding roles on their concentration levels. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10661-023-11318-2.

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“…Miyazak et al ( 2021 ) have reported 15% and 18–25% reduction in anthropogenic NO x emissions on global and regional level in April–May 2020. Kumar et al ( 2022 ) found an increase in O 3 (~ 15–20%) concentration over central and IGP region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Singh et al ( 2020 ) showed almost constant trends in ozone with some fluctuations for all the regions except in the IGPs sites. Earlier studies have reported that the meteorological parameters can affect and bring substantial changes in O 3 and NO 2 concentration (Zhao et al 2020 ; Nie et al 2021 ; Kumar et al 2022 ). Miyazak et al ( 2021 ) have reported 15% and 18–25% reduction in anthropogenic NO x emissions on global and regional level in April–May 2020.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in tropospheric ozone concentration over Indo-Gangetic Plains: the role of meteorological parameters

Payra

Gupta

Sarkar

et al. 2022

Meteorol Atmos Phys

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This study seeks to understand and quantify the changes in tropospheric ozone (O 3 ) in lower troposphere (LT), middle troposphere (MT) and upper middle troposphere (UMT) over the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGPs), India during the COVID-19 lockdown 2020 with that of pre-lockdown 2019. The gridded datasets of ozone from the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis product, ERA5 in combination with statistical interpolated (IDWs) surface NO 2 observations, present a consistent picture and indicate a significant tropospheric ozone enhancement over IGP during COVID-19 lockdown restrictions in May 2020. The Paper also examines the influencing role of meteorological parameters on increasing ozone concentration. Over LT, an increase in O 3 concentration (23%) is observed and in MT to UMT an enhancement of about 9–18% in O 3 concentration have been seen during May 2020 with respect to May 2019. An investigation on causes of increasing ozone concentration (35–85 ppbv) from MT to UMT during May 2020 reveals that there was significant rise (by 1–6%) in low cloud cover (LCC). Notably, higher LCC increases the backscattering of upward solar radiation from the top of the atmosphere. A positive difference of 5–25 W/m 2 in upward solar radiation (USR) is observed across the entire study region. The result suggests that higher LCC significantly contributed to the enhanced USR. Thereby, resulting in higher photolysis rate that lead to an increase in mid tropospheric ozone concentration during May 2020. The results highlight the importance of LCC as an important pathway in ozone formation and aid in scientific understanding of it.

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Influence of background dynamics on the vertical distribution of trace gases (CO/WV/O3) in the UTLS region during COVID-19 lockdown over India

Cited by 5 publications

References 49 publications

Integrated process analysis retrieval of changes in ground-level ozone and fine particulate matter during the COVID-19 outbreak in the coastal city of Kannur, India

Integrated process analysis retrieval of changes in ground-level ozone and fine particulate matter during the COVID-19 outbreak in the coastal city of Kannur, India

Spatial variability of trace gases (NO2, O3 and CO) over Indian region during 2020 and 2021 COVID-19 lockdowns

Changes in tropospheric ozone concentration over Indo-Gangetic Plains: the role of meteorological parameters

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