Influence of batch or fed-batch growth on Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation

Cerca, Nuno; Pier, Gerald B.; Vilanova, Manuel; Oliveira, Rosário; Azeredo, Joana

doi:10.1111/j.1472-765x.2004.01601.x

Cited by 40 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…Physiological saline was prepared adding 0.9% NaCl (J.T.Baker, Denmark) to distilled water. S. epidermidis strain RP62A (ATCC 35984), a slime producer, 12 was used in all experiments hereby reported. The test strain was incubated in 15 mL of TSB from a PCA culture not older than two days, for 24 (±2) h at …”

Section: Bacterial Strain and Broth Culture Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 The ability to adhere to biomaterials and form a stable biofilm is considered to be an important virulence factor of S. epidermidis. 12 An extracellular polysaccharide adhesin (PIA), encoded by the icaADBC locus, represents a key virulence determinant in S. epidermidis and is required for biofilm formation. 12 Biofilms form on inert or living surfaces and are composed of heterogeneous communities of bacteria functionally organized and enclosed in a self-produced polymeric matrix, named extracellular polysaccharide substance (EPS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 An extracellular polysaccharide adhesin (PIA), encoded by the icaADBC locus, represents a key virulence determinant in S. epidermidis and is required for biofilm formation. 12 Biofilms form on inert or living surfaces and are composed of heterogeneous communities of bacteria functionally organized and enclosed in a self-produced polymeric matrix, named extracellular polysaccharide substance (EPS). Generally biofilm development may be composed by three steps: the lag phase, a conditioning phase during which bacteria attach and colonize the surface; the growth phase corresponding to exponential accumulation under quasi-steady state.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of nanohydroxyapatite surface properties on Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation

et al. 2013

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Nanohydroxyapatite (nanoHA), due to its chemical properties, has appeared as an exceptionally promising bioceramic to be used as bone regeneration material. Staphylococcus epidermidis have emerged as major nosocomial pathogens associated with infections of implanted medical devices. In this work, the purpose was to study the influence of the nanoHA surface characteristics on S. epidermidis RP62A biofilm formation. Therefore, two different initial inoculum concentrations (Ci) were used in order to check if these would affect the biofilm formed on the nanoHA surfaces. Biofilm formation was followed by the enumeration of cultivable cells and by scanning electron microscopy. Surface topography, contact angle, total surface area and porosimetry of the biomaterials were studied and correlated with the biofilm data. The surface of nanoHA sintered at 830 o C (nanoHA830) showed to be more resistant to S. epidermidis attachment and accumulation than that of nanoHA sintered at 1000 o C (nanoHA1000). The biofilm formed on nanoHA830 presented differences in terms of structure, surface coverage and EPS production when compared to the one formed on nanoHA1000 surface. It was observed that topography and surface area of nanoHA surfaces had influence on the bacterial attachment and accumulation. Ci influenced bacteria attachment and accumulation on nanoHA surfaces over time. The choice of the initial inoculum concentration was relevant proving to have an effect on the extent of adherence thus being a critical point for human health if these materials are used in implantable devices. This study showed that the initial inoculum concentration and surface material properties determine the rate of microbial attachment to substrata and consequently are related to biofilm-associated infections in biomaterials.

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Section: Bacterial Strain and Broth Culture Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of nanohydroxyapatite surface properties on Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation

et al. 2013

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“…A critical virulence determinant in such infections is the production of a high-molecular-weight polymer of ␤-1-6-linked N-acetyl-glucosamine (PNAG) that is involved in adherence to polymeric substrates, bacterial intercellular adhesion, biofilm formation, and protection against antibodyindependent opsonic killing (3,4,15,26,40). Proteins encoded by the icaADBC genes of the intercellular adhesin (ica) locus synthesize PNAG (6, 10-12, 30, 31).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Basis for Preferential Protective Efficacy of Antibodies Directed to the Poorly Acetylated Form of Staphylococcal Poly- N -Acetyl-β-(1-6)-Glucosamine

et al. 2007

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Poly-N-acetyl-glucosamine (PNAG) is a staphylococcal surface polysaccharide influencing biofilm formation that is also under investigation for its vaccine potential. Antibodies that bind to PNAG with either low (<15%) or high (>90%) levels of acetate are superior at opsonic and protective activity compared with antibodies that bind to PNAG with only high levels (>70%) of acetate. PNAG is synthesized by four proteins encoded within the intercellular adhesin (ica) locus icaADBC. In Staphylococcus epidermidis, icaB encodes a deacetylase needed for the surface retention of PNAG and optimal biofilm formation. In this study, we confirmed that icaB plays a similar role in Staphylococcus aureus and found that an icaB mutant of S. aureus expressed significantly less surface-associated PNAG, was highly susceptible to antibody-independent opsonic killing that could not be enhanced with antibody raised against deacetylated PNAG (dPNAG), and had reduced survival capacity in a murine model of bacteremia. In contrast, an icaB-overexpressing strain produced primarily surface-associated PNAG, was more susceptible to opsonophagocytosis with antibody to dPNAG, and had increased survival in a murine bacteremia model. The highly acetylated secreted PNAG was more effective at blocking opsonic killing mediated by a human monoclonal antibody (mAb) to native PNAG than it was at blocking killing mediated by a human mAb to dPNAG, which by itself was a more effective opsonin. Retention of dPNAG on the surface of S. aureus is key to increased survival during bacteremia and also provides a molecular mechanism explaining the superior opsonic and protective activity of antibody to dPNAG.Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci are the most frequent causes of nosocomial bloodstream infections (43). A critical virulence determinant in such infections is the production of a high-molecular-weight polymer of ␤-1-6-linked N-acetyl-glucosamine (PNAG) that is involved in adherence to polymeric substrates, bacterial intercellular adhesion, biofilm formation, and protection against antibodyindependent opsonic killing (3,4,15,26,40). Proteins encoded by the icaADBC genes of the intercellular adhesin (ica) locus synthesize PNAG (6, 10-12, 30, 31). IcaA is a trans-membrane glucosyltransferase and can synthesize short PNAG polymers in vitro using UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine as a substrate (10). IcaD increases the biosynthetic efficiency of IcaA (10). IcaC is also a transmembrane protein and appears to be involved in linking short polymers to make longer oligomers of PNAG (10). In its mature form, PNAG, also referred to by some researchers as polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA) (12,44), is a mixture of polymers such that about 10 to 20% of the amino groups are not acetylated, which could give some of the polymers within the polysaccharide complex a net positive charge (16,27). It is not known whether PNAG consists of a minority of highly deacetylated molecules mixed in with a majority of highly acetylated molecules or if there is a rang...

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“…As can be seen from inspection of Figure 1, chitosan was capable of inhibiting biofilm formation in percentages higher to 50 % for all studied bacteria, with the only exception being 0.25 mg/ml of HMW chitosan for T. forsythensis Cerca, et al [20] stated that significant differences were found between batch and fed-batch assays, with the strains producing less biofilm when grown in batch systems. In our case, both assays had a defined objective: the batch assay allowed the assessment of the capability of chitosan to inhibit/impede initial adherence of bacteria, whereas the fed-batch assay allowed the study of the capability of chitosan to inhibit biofilm formation under optimum conditions for biofilm development and, as can be seen from Figure 1, chitosan was extremely efficient.…”

Section: Microtiter-plate Assaymentioning

confidence: 93%

Antimicrobial Effect of Chitosan against Periodontal Pathogens Biofilms

Pintado¹

2014

SOJ Microbiol Infect Dis

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Influence of batch or fed-batch growth on Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation

Cited by 40 publications

References 19 publications

Influence of nanohydroxyapatite surface properties on Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation

Influence of nanohydroxyapatite surface properties on Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation

Molecular Basis for Preferential Protective Efficacy of Antibodies Directed to the Poorly Acetylated Form of Staphylococcal Poly- N -Acetyl-β-(1-6)-Glucosamine

Antimicrobial Effect of Chitosan against Periodontal Pathogens Biofilms

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