Influence of butyrate on the pathogenicity of Aeromonas hydrophila

Abstract

The abuse of antibiotics is creating a public health crisis and leads to the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the ferment products of gut microbiota with carbohydrate and play a pivotal role in host health. To date, there is very limited research on the potential anti-infection effect of SCFAs. In this study, the effects of butyrate on the pathogenicity of Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila) were investigated. Butyrate at sub-MIC concentrations could reduce the population growth rate of A. hydrophila but did not significantly affect its population at the stationary phase. Butyrate could decrease the production of virulence factors of A. hydrophila in a concentration-dependent manner. Sub-MIC butyrate could inhibit the activity of protease and haemolysin by 62.41% and 56.02% at 1.00 mg ml −1 , respectively, and decrease the biofilm formation of A. hydrophila at 34.71%. In vivo study showed that the sub-MIC butyrate could increase the survival of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) against A. hydrophila. Furthermore, after challenging with A. hydrophila, the survival rate of zebrafish in butyrate-supplemented group was significantly higher than that of control (p < .05). These results suggested that butyrate could be used as a promising feed additive to protect the host against A. hydrophila infection.

Effects of tributyrin on the growth performance, survival, tolerance to hypoxic stress, and nutrient digestibility of Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, fed different levels of soybean meal

“…The antimicrobial activity of butyrins was weaker than the acid counterpart, with the MIC ranging between 2600 and 15,000 μg/mL against veterinary-important pathogenic bacteria (except Campylobacter jejuni in which the MIC was >50,000 μg/mL) (Kovanda et al, 2019). Sodium butyrate also showed antibacterial activity against Aeromonas hydrophila with the MIC of 2000 μg/mL (S. Li & Chu, 2021) and Vibrio parahaemolyticus with the MIC of 32,000 μg/mL (Zhu…”

“…The antimicrobial activity of butyrins was weaker than the acid counterpart, with the MIC ranging between 2600 and 15,000 μg/mL against veterinary‐important pathogenic bacteria (except Campylobacter jejuni in which the MIC was >50,000 μg/mL) (Kovanda et al, 2019). Sodium butyrate also showed antibacterial activity against Aeromonas hydrophila with the MIC of 2000 μg/mL (S. Li & Chu, 2021) and Vibrio parahaemolyticus with the MIC of 32,000 μg/mL (Zhu et al, 2022). In one study, it was demonstrated that the medium pH has a significant influence on in vitro antimicrobial action; the MICs of sodium butyrate against V. anguillarum , V. alginolyticus , and V. harveyi were 1300–1600 μg/mL at pH 6.2, but increased to 3100–12,500 μg/mL at pH 7.1 (Da Silva et al, 2013).…”