Influence of Cryogenic Treatment on Microstructure and Properties Improvement of Die Steel

Liu, Shangtan; Wu, Xiaochun; Shi, Lei; Qu, Wei

doi:10.4236/msce.2015.39005

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…According to Table , the amount of RA drops to 3 ± 1 vol% ( T AUS = 1050 °C), respectively, 6 ± 1 vol% ( T AUS = 1150 °C). However, small fraction of RA still exists although the M f ‐temperature was reached which is known in practice and from other studies . The presence of RA after cryogenic cooling is commonly explained with the mechanical stabilization of the RA resulting of transformation stresses .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Influence of Chemical Inhomogeneities on Local Phase Stabilities and Material Properties in Cast Martensitic Stainless Steel

Hassend

Weber

2019

steel research int.

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Cr-Mo-alloyed cast martensitic stainless steels are suitable tool materials for a wide field of applications. Local inhomogeneities in the chemical composition, however, affect their local and global properties such as the hardenability and the corrosion resistance. Herein, the influence of microsegregations on phase stabilities and properties is investigated by means of property distribution maps (PDM) which are determined via thermodynamic and empirical calculations based on measured local chemical composition data. The results show that the enrichment of Cr and Mo in interdendritic regions benefits the local corrosion resistance but increases the solvus temperature of M 23 C 6 carbides from 1040 to 1150 C and depresses the martensite start temperature (M s ) to temperatures below 50 C locally. As predicted from the PDM, high-temperature austenitization at 1150 C combined with a cryogenic treatment at À80 C ensures a martensitic microstructure with relatively high hardness (592 AE 12 HV10) and significantly higher critical pitting potential compared with specimens austenitizized at 1050 C, which proves PDM to be a powerful tool for the optimization of heat treatment parameters. However, local transformation of austenite into δ-ferrite during austenitization at 1150 C must be considered.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Influence of Chemical Inhomogeneities on Local Phase Stabilities and Material Properties in Cast Martensitic Stainless Steel

Hassend

Weber

2019

steel research int.

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“…La dureza de ambas aleaciones aumentó en relación a la estructura de colada a medida que disminuyó la temperatura de tratamiento. Este efecto se produce por el aumento en la fracción de martensita, formada a partir de austenita metaestable conforme se alcanza la temperatura de fin de la transformación martensítica, Mf [20,21,22,24]. La aleación A no presenta un aumento de dureza considerable al ser expuesta a -40 °C, lo que indicaría que la temperatura de inicio de la transformación martensítica para esta aleación es cercana (pero superior) a la temperatura ambiente, ya que la estructura en estado de colada presenta un 5% de martensita, aproximadamente.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…La reducción de la cantidad de austenita retenida, con la consecuente formación de martensita mediante la aplicación de tratamientos sub-cero se produce a medida que se alcanza la temperatura de fin de la transformación martensítica (Mf) [22,23]. En base a esta temperatura se definirá la temperatura de tratamiento sub-cero apropiada para obtener la menor cantidad de austenita retenida post tratamiento [16,24,25]. La composición química de la austenita presente determinará el grado de estabilidad de ésta.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Efecto del tratamiento sub-cero sobre la microestructura y dureza de fundiciones blancas alto cromo

Hernández

Leiva

Escobar³

et al. 2018

Matéria (Rio J.)

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RESUMENEn el siguiente trabajo de investigación se analizó el efecto de la temperatura de tratamiento sub-cero sobre la transformación de austenita retenida a martensita en dos fundiciones blancas de alto cromo ASTM A532 Clase II Tipo B. El tratamiento sub-cero aplicado a cada aleación, en estado de colada, fue realizado a temperaturas de -40, -65 y -180 °C con un tiempo de mantenimiento de 10 minutos; transcurridos los 10 minutos cada probeta fue expuesta a temperatura ambiente. Se realizó análisis metalográfico mediante microscopia óptica, microscopía electrónica de barrido (SEM) y análisis espectroscopia de energía dispersiva (EDS) a ambas aleaciones en estado de colada, con el objetivo de caracterizar los micro-constituyentes presentes en cada aleación. La caracterización metalográfica de las probetas sometidas a tratamiento sub-cero fue realizada mediante microscopia óptica. Además, se midió la dureza Brinell de ambas aleaciones, en estado de colada y sometidas a tratamiento sub-cero.Las aleaciones en estudio presentan diferencias importantes en su composición química, principalmente en el contenido de molibdeno y cobre, elementos determinantes en la microestructura de éstas. Los resultados obtenidos muestran un aumento en la dureza de ambas aleaciones conforme disminuye la temperaturas de tratamiento; esto, producto de un aumento en la cantidad de austenita retenida transformada a martensita a medida que se alcanza la temperatura de fin de la transformación martensítica, Mf. Se observó que un mayor contenido de molibdeno permite la obtención de una matriz austenítica metaestable de colada. Además, el efecto de este elemento en conjunto con los demás elementos de aleación fue estabilizar la austenita, obteniendo bajas cantidades de martensita al final del tratamiento sub-cero, incluso a -180 °C.Palabras clave: fundición blanca alto cromo, tratamiento sub-cero, austenita retenida, martensita. ABSTRACTThe effect of the sub-zero treatment temperature on the transformation of retained austenite to martensite in two high chromium white cast irons (ASTM A532 Class II Type B) was studied. The sub-zero treatment applied to each alloy in the as cast condition was performed at -40, -65 and -180 ° C for 10 minutes; after the holding time was completed the samples were cooled to room temperature. The microstructure of the as cast condition was analyzed by optical microscopy (LOM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis was also performed with the aim to identify the microconstituents initially present in each alloy. The metallographic characterization of the specimens subjected to sub-zero treatment was performed by optical microscopy. Furthermore, Brinell hardness was measured in the as cast and sub-zero treated samples.The alloys studied have important differences in chemical composition, mainly in the molybdenum and cop-

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Effect of Cryogenic treatment on VIKING cold working tool steel and development of wear mechanism maps

Pillai

Karthikeyan

Kannan

et al. 2018

Procedia Manufacturing

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Influence of Cryogenic Treatment on Microstructure and Properties Improvement of Die Steel

Cited by 6 publications

References 17 publications

Influence of Chemical Inhomogeneities on Local Phase Stabilities and Material Properties in Cast Martensitic Stainless Steel

Influence of Chemical Inhomogeneities on Local Phase Stabilities and Material Properties in Cast Martensitic Stainless Steel

Efecto del tratamiento sub-cero sobre la microestructura y dureza de fundiciones blancas alto cromo

Effect of Cryogenic treatment on VIKING cold working tool steel and development of wear mechanism maps

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