Influence of defects on axial fatigue strength of maraging steel specimens produced by additive manufacturing

Rigon, Daniele; Meneghetti, Giovanni; Görtler, Michael; Cozzi, Daniele; Waldhauser, W.; Dabalà, Manuele

doi:10.1051/matecconf/201816502005

Cited by 22 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…However, Yadollahi et al [10] on SLM 17-4-PH, Brandl et al [19] on SLM AlSi10Mg, Shamsaei et al [13] on DMD Ti6Al4V, Mower et al [8] on DMLS 316L and Rigon et al [20] on SLM maraging steel 18Ni300 showed a higher fatigue strength of horizontally built specimens compared to a vertical building direction, which corresponds to the observations for monotonic loading. Note that Rigon et al [20] additionally reported a higher fatigue strength of vertical building direction for another batch of used powder, indicating a significant influence of the used powder on the resulting mechanical properties. This corresponds to the work of Zhang et al [21] who also showed a higher fatigue strength in vertical building direction for SLM 316L.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Influence of the Chemical Composition of the Used Powder on the Fatigue Behavior of Additively Manufactured Materials

Blinn

Krebs

Ley

et al. 2019

Metals

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To exploit the whole potential of Additive Manufacturing (AM), a sound knowledge about the mechanical and especially cyclic properties of AM materials as well as their dependency on the process parameters is indispensable. In the presented work, the influence of chemical composition of the used powder on the fatigue behavior of Selectively Laser Melted (SLM) and Laser Deposition Welded (LDW) specimens made of austenitic stainless steel AISI 316L was investigated. Therefore, in each manufacturing process two variations of chemical composition of the used powder were utilized. For qualitative characterization of the materials cyclic deformation behavior, load increase tests (LITs) were performed and further used for the physically based lifetime calculation method (PhyBaLLIT), enabling an efficient determination of stress (S)–number of cycles to failure (Nf) curves (S–Nf), which show excellent correlation to additionally performed constant amplitude tests (CATs). Moreover, instrumented cyclic indentation tests (PhyBaLCHT) were utilized to characterize the materials’ defect tolerance in a comparably short time. All material variants exhibit a high influence of microstructural defects on the fatigue properties. Consequently, for the SLM process a higher fatigue lifetime at lower stress amplitudes could be observed for the batch with a higher defect tolerance, resulting from a more pronounced deformation induced austenite–α’-martensite transformation. In correspondence to that, the batch of LDW material with an increased defect tolerance exhibit a higher fatigue strength. However, the differences in defect tolerance between the LDW batches is only slightly influenced by phase transformation and seems to be mainly governed by differences in hardening potential of the austenitic microstructure. Furthermore, a significantly higher fatigue strength could be observed for SLM material in relation to LDW specimens, because of a refined microstructure and smaller microstructural defects of SLM specimens.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Influence of the Chemical Composition of the Used Powder on the Fatigue Behavior of Additively Manufactured Materials

Blinn

Krebs

Ley

et al. 2019

Metals

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“…When examining fractured surface studies, it is known that defects of AM components mainly cause fatigue damage. These defects are referred to in the literature as lack of fusion (LoF) deficiency (Rigon et al, 2018). Following the literature, such defects are irregular in shape and are mainly found in both the surface and the subsurface area of the component.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rigon et al researched the effect of printing orientation and heat treatment on static and axial fatigue strength of samples produced by laser beam melting (LBM) and electron beam melting (EBM). They reported a large distribution in the fatigue test results due to surface and subsurface defects (Rigon et al, 2018). Antunes et al examined fatigue crack growth in 18Ni300 steel produced with selective laser melting (SLM) in their study, wherein they obtained typical da/dN curves in C(T) samples and reported that a relatively low level of crack tip plastic deformation was observed (Antunes et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat treatment effect on fatigue behavior of 3D-printed maraging steels

Tezel

Kovan

2021

RPJ

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Purpose This study aims to reveal that fatigue life is improved using heat treatment in the rotational bending fatigue test, which determines the fatigue behavior closest to service conditions. Design/methodology/approach It is essential to know the mechanical behavior of the parts produced by additive manufacturing under service conditions. In general, axial stress and plane bending tests are used by many researchers because they are practical: the service conditions cannot be sufficiently stimulated. For this reason, the rotating bending fatigue test, which represents the conditions closest to the service conditions of a load-bearing machine element, was chosen for the study. In this study, the rotational bending fatigue behavior of X3NiCoMoTi18-9–5 (MS1) maraging steel specimens produced by the selective laser melting (SLM) technique was experimentally investigated under various heat treatments conditions. Findings As a result of the study, MS1 produced by additive manufacturing is a material suitable for heat treatment that has enabled the heat treatment to affect fatigue strength positively. Cracks generally initiate from the outer surface of the sample. Fabrication defects have been determined to cause all cracks on the sample surface or regions close to the surface. Research limitations/implications While producing the test sample, printing was vertical to the print bed, and various heat treatments were applied. The rotating bending fatigue test was performed on four sample groups comprising as-fabricated, age-treated, solution-treated and solution + age-treated conditions. Originality/value Most literature studies have focused on the axial fatigue strength, printing orientation and heat treatment of maraging steels produced with Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS); many studies have also investigated crack propagation behaviors. There are few studies in the literature covering conditions of rotating bending fatigue. However, the rotating bending loading state is the service condition closest to modern machine element operating conditions. To fill this gap in the literature, the rotating bending fatigue behavior of the alloy, which was maraging steel (X3NiCoMoTi18-9–5, 1.2709) produced by SLM, was investigated under a variety of heat treatment conditions in this study.

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“…Therefore, this paper aimed at partially filling this gap, by investigating the fatigue property of Ti-6Al-4V parts manufactured by SLM. This is of significant interest for many industrial applications and would allow the design of safer products and components subjected to cyclic loadings [31][32][33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-situ investigation on fatigue behaviors of Ti-6Al-4V manufactured by selective laser melting

Qian

Jian

Pan

et al. 2020

International Journal of Fatigue

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In-situ fatigue tests were conducted for exploring the fatigue crack propagation process for Ti-6Al-4V manufactured by selective laser melting (SLM). Fatigue specimens were prepared with two printing orientations by SLM and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In-situ fatigue experiments were carried out at 25°C, 200°C, 400°C and 600°C, respectively. Results show that vertically printed specimens have more and larger defects than horizontally printed ones. The fatigue property of horizontally printed specimens is better than that of vertically printed specimens. The anisotropy caused by printing orientation is the reason for the difference in fatigue property. Crack propagation rate increases with temperature. A large number of secondary cracks occurred during the crack propagation at elevated temperature. The branching of secondary cracks releases the energy at the crack tip, and thus slows down the crack growth.

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Influence of defects on axial fatigue strength of maraging steel specimens produced by additive manufacturing

Cited by 22 publications

References 15 publications

Influence of the Chemical Composition of the Used Powder on the Fatigue Behavior of Additively Manufactured Materials

Influence of the Chemical Composition of the Used Powder on the Fatigue Behavior of Additively Manufactured Materials

Heat treatment effect on fatigue behavior of 3D-printed maraging steels

In-situ investigation on fatigue behaviors of Ti-6Al-4V manufactured by selective laser melting

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