Influence of fatness, intelligence, education and sociodemographic factors on response rate in a health survey.

Sonne‐Holm, Stig; Sørensen, T. I. A.; Jensen, Gorm; Schnohr, Peter

doi:10.1136/jech.43.4.369

Cited by 121 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In particular, overweight persons have been found to underreport their body weight. Furthermore, a much greater number of overweight persons than those of normal body weight are known to refuse participation in health studies, 20 and as the rate of non-participation was higher in 1992 than in 1982, the results from the present study may also underestimate both the prevalence and the development of obesity among adult Danes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 44%

Ten-year trends in overweight and obesity among Danish men and women aged 30–60 years

Heitmann

2000

Int J Obes

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INTRODUCTION:The prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide. Published data of the development of obesity among adult Danes is based primarily on self-reported information of body weight and height. The objective of the study was, therefore, to describe the development over 10 y in moderate and severe overweight in Danish adults aged 30 ± 60 y. METHOD: 1940METHOD: men and 1844METHOD: women, born in 1922METHOD: , 1932METHOD: , 1942METHOD: or 1952METHOD: , participated in a ®rst survey in 1982METHOD: . A total of 808 men and 816 women, born in 1932METHOD: , 1942METHOD: , 1952METHOD: or 1962, were included in a second survey in 1992. The surveys originated in the Danish MONICA studies. Moderate and severe overweight were determined on the basis of body mass index (BMI). RESULTS: The prevalence of severe overweight (BMI 30 kgam 2 ) increased from approximately 10 to 13% in men and from 9 to 11% in women (both P 0.03), corresponding to an increase in the overweight Danish subjects of about 75,000 in this age group over the period. The increase was most pronounced in the young age groups. The proportion of severe overweight in those 30 y old increased from 3.1 to 7.8% in women (P 0.006) and from 5.0 to 9.4% in men (P 0.045). In 1992, 8% of men with more than 12 y of schooling were severely overweight, compared to 3% 10 y earlier (P 0.045). In women with more than 12 y of schooling there was no difference. In the group with less than 7 y schooling, the proportion of severely overweight women increased from 12.8 to 19.8% (P 0.02) and severely overweight men from 15.0 to 21.2% (P 0.048). After adjustment for differences in age and education the proportion of severely overweight men remained greater in 1992 compared to 1982. In women the proportion of severe overweight had increased among the 30 y olds only, but not the 40 ± 60 y olds. DISCUSSION: The increase in obesity in the Danish population is in line with the general international increase. There is a considerable increase in the proportion of adult Danes with a BMI 30 kgam 2 corresponding to an estimated extra 75,000 severely overweight 30 ± 60 y olds in the period. The study also demonstrates that the increase in severe overweight is most pronounced among the men and the younger women.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 44%

Ten-year trends in overweight and obesity among Danish men and women aged 30–60 years

Heitmann

2000

Int J Obes

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“…In populations followed over a long time period, there is a strong tendency for weight gain to be followed by weight loss and vice versa, 33 and weight gain subsequent to night eating in the present study could be a result of this tendency. Also, night eating could be a consequence of previous weight change and inadequate attempts to control weight gain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Night eating and weight change in middle-aged men and women

et al. 2004

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OBJECTIVE:To examine the association between the habit of eating at night, and the 5-y preceding and 6-y subsequent weight changes in a middle-aged population, with particular focus on the obese. DESIGN: Prospective study with initial examination of the cohort in 1982-83, re-examination in 1987-88 and a third examination in 1992-93. SUBJECTS: The Danish MONICA cohort includes an age-and sex-stratified random sample of the population from the Western part of the Copenhagen County. Out of 2987 subjects participating in 1987-88, a total of 1050 women and 1061 men had been examined in 1982-83, and 1993-94 too. Subjects working night shifts were excluded. MEASUREMENTS: Night eating in 1987-88, 5-y preceding and 6-y subsequent weight change. RESULTS: In total, 9.0% women and 7.4% men reported 'getting up at night to eat'. Obese women with night eating experienced an average 6-y weight gain of 5.2 kg (P ¼ 0.004), whereas only 0.9 kg average weight gain was seen among obese women who did not get up at night to eat. No significant associations were found among all women, or between night eating and the 5-y preceding weight change for women. Night eating and weight change were not associated among men. CONCLUSION: Night eating was not associated with later weight gain, except among already obese women, suggesting that getting up at night to eat may be a contributor to further weight gain among the obese.

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“…Response rate at the first follow-up has been analysed previous 6 in a larger sample of subjects (n ¼ 2098), which was not constrained to subjects for whom school health records were also available. 22 The response rate was lower in the juvenile obese than in the control subjects (58 vs 75%), but morbidity, evaluated on the basis of hospital admission records among responders and non-responders, and among the control and the juvenile obese subjects showed no significant differences. 22 At the second follow-up, participation tended to be inversely associated with blood pressure and obesity at first follow-up, but since the same overall results were found at both follow-up examinations, we have no reason to believe that the possible attrition of the sample introduced bias in the explored relationships.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Blood pressure in relation to relative weight at birth through childhood and youth in obese and non-obese adult men

2002

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OBJECTIVE:To determine the influence on blood pressure of relative weight from birth through adulthood in non-obese and juvenile obese men. DESIGN: Case-cohort study of obesity in Danish men, identified at age (mean AE s.d.) 19.8 AE 1.6 y at draft board examination, who participated in at least one of two follow-up studies in adulthood (age 36.8 AE 6.7 and 47.9 AE 6.8 y at first and second followup, respectively). Birth weight and weight and height from the age of 7 -13 y were collected from school health records. SUBJECTS: Three hundred and twenty-seven non-obese men (controls) selected as 0.5% of the draft board population and 285 obese men with body mass index (BMI) ! 31 kg=m 2 at draft board examination. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Systolic and diastolic blood pressure measured twice in adulthood adjusted for current age. RESULTS: Birth weight was inversely related to systolic blood pressure at first and second follow-up, but only significantly so when adjusted for current BMI (regression coefficients in mmHg per unit Z-score (95% confidence interval (CI))71.2 (72.3, 7 0.1) and 71.6 (73.1, 0.0)). Change in Z-score from birth weight to BMI at the age of 7 y was significantly positively related to systolic blood pressure, but the relationship weakened by adjustment for current BMI (0.8 (0.1, 1.6) and 0.6 ( 7 0.4, 1.6), respectively). If both birth weight and change until 7 y were included in the same model, their effects were both positive and significant, but they weakened and became not significant when adjusted for current BMI. BMI since the age of 7 y had no significant effect on blood pressure beyond that of current BMI. CONCLUSION: In a wide range of adult BMI in men, the birth weight was inversely related to systolic blood pressure, even when controlled for BMI since the age of 7 y. However, the effect may reflect the weight change between birth and 7 y of age. After that age BMI had no additional effect on blood pressure beyond the effect of current BMI.

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Influence of fatness, intelligence, education and sociodemographic factors on response rate in a health survey.

Abstract: ABSTRACT

Cited by 121 publications

References 16 publications

Ten-year trends in overweight and obesity among Danish men and women aged 30–60 years

Ten-year trends in overweight and obesity among Danish men and women aged 30–60 years

Night eating and weight change in middle-aged men and women

Blood pressure in relation to relative weight at birth through childhood and youth in obese and non-obese adult men

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