Influence of lignin source and esterification on properties of lignin-polyethylene blends

Dehne, Laura; Babarro, Carlos Vila; Saake, Bodo; Schwarz, Katrin U.

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.04.005

Cited by 108 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…was provided by Suzano Pulp and Paper, Brazil. Chemical characterisation of unmodified and derivatized HW‐KL has previously been published …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Esterification of Kraft lignin as a method to improve structural and mechanical properties of lignin‐polyethylene blends

Dehne¹,

Vila

Saake³

et al. 2016

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Lignin is a promising candidate for blends with thermoplastic polymers. Still, this endeavour is a challenge due to poor compatibility between both components. In this article, the effect of lignin esterification on the improvement of the compatibility between hardwood Kraft lignin and high‐density polyethylene (PE‐HD) is investigated. For this purpose, lignin was esterified with acetic, propionic, and butyric anhydride; its amount in the blends varied from 10 to 40%. Light microscopic images of blends show a reduction in particle size and a more homogeneous distribution with increasing length of the ester carbon chains (C2 to C4). Modification of lignin enhances the moduli and strength characteristics of the blends. Butyrated lignin performs best, as tensile strength of blends can be retained near that of pure PE‐HD with up to 40% lignin content. An additional investigation of unmodified lignin with reduced particle size confirms that modification is the decisive factor to enhance blend properties; a sole reduction of particle size is insufficient. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44582.

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“…was provided by Suzano Pulp and Paper, Brazil. Chemical characterisation of unmodified and derivatized HW‐KL has previously been published …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lignin esters were obtained by modification of lignin with acetic (aHW‐KL), propionic (pHW‐KL) and butyric (bHW‐KL) anhydrides as described by Dehne et al . For comparison, unmodified HW‐KL with reduced particle size (“tailored lignin”) was prepared according to a method described by Saake et al .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Esterification of Kraft lignin as a method to improve structural and mechanical properties of lignin‐polyethylene blends

Dehne¹,

Vila

Saake³

et al. 2016

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…However, modification of lignin, such as acetylation and grafting to/from, has been used to disrupt lignin aggregation. well as an improvement in physical properties (Chung et al, 2013;Sen et al, 2015;Dehne et al, 2016). The highly aromatic structure of lignin and its ability to act as a polyol have made it a desired building block to produce lignin-based PUs.…”

Section: Ligninmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Plant Source on the Properties of Lignin-Based Polyurethanes

2018

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This work increases our understanding of the effect of plant source on the mechanical and morphological properties of lignin-based polyurethanes (PUs). Lignin is a polymer that is synthesized inside the plant cell wall and can be used as a polyol to synthesize PUs. The specific aromatic structure of the lignin is heavily reliant on the plant source from which it is extracted. These results show that the mechanical properties of ligninbased PUs differ based on lignin's plant source. The morphology of lignin-based PUs was examined using atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy and the mechanical properties of lignin-based PU samples were measured using dynamic mechanical analysis and shore hardness (Type A). The thermal analysis and morphology studies demonstrate that all PUs prepared form a multiphase morphology. In these PUs, better mixing was observed in the wheat straw lignin PU samples leading to higher moduli than in the hardwood lignin and softwood lignin PUs whose morphology was dominated by larger aggregates. Independent of the type of the lignin used, increasing the fraction of lignin increased the rigidity of PU. Among the different types of lignin studied, PU with wheat straw soda lignin exhibited storage moduli ~2-fold higher than those of PUs incorporating other lignins. This study also showed that during synthesis all hydroxyl groups in the lignin are not available to react with isocyanates, which alters the number of cross-links formed within the PU and impacts the mechanical properties of the material.

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“…The utilisation of lignins [103][104][105][106] (from renewable sources) in both the industry as the base for the formulation of ionic liquids (with yet a wider industrial applications) and as a potential scaffold material for functionally modified imprinted polymers (LCIPS) [107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114] for the selective recovery of base metals and gold, respectively, evidently incorporates the bioeconomy aspirations. Further, one new trend in lignin research is to steer biosynthetic pathways towards the biosynthesis of molecules that, upon incorporation into the lignin polymer, will improve lignin degradation, has been echoed by some researchers [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilisation of Lignins in the Bioeconomy: Projections on Ionic Liquids and Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Selective Separation and Recovery of Base Metals and Gold

Ndibewu¹,

Tchieta²

2018

Lignin - Trends and Applications

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A brief review has been herein done of technologies involved in the exploitation of lignin, in order to provide an introduction to the subject from the perspective of a fast technologically advancing economy. Lignocellulosic materials and biomass have historically been utilised from since time memorial, but a new conversation is emerging on the role of these materials in modern bioeconomies. This new discourse needs to help us understand how technologies for managing and processing lignocellulosic materials both as biosynthetic moieties, biogenic wastes or simply renewable biopolymer-both established and novel-should be deployed and integrated (or not) to meet developmental requirements of the sustainability paradigm. The world is caught in the middle of green technology advocating for more and more focus on renewable sources of manufacturing raw materials and that of the molecularly imprinted/synthesised or genetically engineered ones. The utilisation of lignins (from renewable sources) in both the industry as the base for the formulation of ionic liquids (with yet a wider industrial applications), and also is a potential scaffold material for functionally modified imprinted polymers (LCIPS) for the selective recovery of base metals and gold, respectively, evidently incorporates the bioeconomy aspirations.

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Influence of lignin source and esterification on properties of lignin-polyethylene blends

Cited by 108 publications

References 37 publications

Esterification of Kraft lignin as a method to improve structural and mechanical properties of lignin‐polyethylene blends

Esterification of Kraft lignin as a method to improve structural and mechanical properties of lignin‐polyethylene blends

The Effect of Plant Source on the Properties of Lignin-Based Polyurethanes

Utilisation of Lignins in the Bioeconomy: Projections on Ionic Liquids and Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Selective Separation and Recovery of Base Metals and Gold

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