Influence of neighborhood deprivation, gender and ethno-racial origin on smoking behavior of Canadian youth

Matheson, Flora I.; LaFreniere, M; White, Heather L.; Moineddin, Rahim; Dunn, James R.; Glazier, Richard H.

doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.02.011

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Socio-demographic variables associated with mental health utilization [24] are included as control variables in the analysis-marital status, educational attainment, annual household income, ethno-racial origin, immigration status and urban or rural location. We also adjust for several health behaviours known to differ by gender and which are associated with health utilization, including smoking status, drinking level and self-reported health [30][31][32][33].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender differences in mental health service utilization among respondents reporting depression in a national health survey

Smith¹,

Matheson²,

Moineddin³

et al. 2013

Health

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This study examined whether people who selfreported depression sought mental health treatment in the year after being interviewed, and how gender affected utilization. Depression data were obtained from the Canadian Community Health Survey (2000-01), and linked to medical records in Ontario (n = 24,677). Overall, women had higher rates of mental health service utilization, but there were no gender differences in rates of specialist care. The gender difference in mental health contact was greater for those without depression, as opposed to those with depression. Among those without depression, women were significantly more likely than men to use mental health services; however, rates were similar for women and men with depression. This finding suggests that men may be more likely than women to delay seeing a doctor for minor mental health concerns, but will seek help once a problem reaches a threshold.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender differences in mental health service utilization among respondents reporting depression in a national health survey

Smith¹,

Matheson²,

Moineddin³

et al. 2013

Health

Self Cite

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“…Of the many causes of smoking initiation in adolescence, exposure to tobacco advertising and promotion are important, as they are entirely preventable 2, 3, 4. In the United Kingdom, most forms of tobacco advertising and promotion are now prohibited under the terms of the 2002 Tobacco Advertising and Promotion Act 5 and, as a result, the tobacco industry has increased the use of forms of advertising and promotion not covered by the Act.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to point‐of‐sale displays and changes in susceptibility to smoking: findings from a cohort study of school students

et al. 2015

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AimsTo investigate the association between frequency of visiting shops and noticing of tobacco point‐of‐sale (PoS) displays and the development of susceptibility to smoking, or smoking uptake, in secondary school students.DesignTwo surveys of a school based cohort study carried out in 2011 and 2012.SettingsNottinghamshire, UK.ParticipantsA total of 2270 children aged 11–16 years from eight schools in Nottinghamshire.MeasurementsWe investigated changes in susceptibility to smoking and smoking status in relation to frequency of visiting shops and noticing PoS displays and number of tobacco brands recognized, controlling for a range of potential confounders. Susceptibility to smoking was defined using a set of three questions covering intentions to try smoking, to smoke within the next year and likelihood of smoking if a best friend offered a cigarette. For the analysis we used multinomial logistic regression.FindingsAmong non‐susceptible never smokers, noticing PoS displays more frequently was associated independently with an increased risk of becoming susceptible to smoking [adjusted relative risk ratio (RRR) = 1.74; 99% confidence interval (CI) = 1.13–2.69], but was not associated with smoking uptake. Recognizing a higher number of brands among non‐susceptible never smokers doubled the risk of becoming susceptible to smoking and of becoming a smoker, but this did not have a significant effect on transition to smoking among susceptible never smokers. Frequency of noticing tobacco PoS displays was not associated significantly with smoking uptake among those who were susceptible never smokers at baseline.ConclusionsNoticing tobacco point‐of‐sale displays more often and recognizing a higher number of tobacco brands is associated with an increased risk of becoming susceptible to smoking among adolescents in the United Kingdom, and recognizing a higher number of brands is associated positively with an increased risk of smoking uptake.

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“…The patient's home neighbourhood will be used as a surrogate for patient characteristics, because previous literature shows an association between home neighbourhood and cardiac risk factors, unhealthy behaviours, and overall health. [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] The neighbourhood factors of the arrest location (i.e., the pickup address) will be used to study the effects on bystander CPR, because the emergency response (i.e., bystanders and EMS/paramedics) is contingent on the arrest location. [10][11][12][13][46][47][48] A patient's home address is recorded as mailing address with street name, street number, and postal code, whereas the pickup address is recorded as a mailing address, with latitude and longitude coordinates and a Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) value.…”

Section: Geocodingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does location matter? A proposed methodology to evaluate neighbourhood effects on cardiac arrest survival and bystander CPR

Buick

Allan

Ray

et al. 2015

CJEM

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Background: Traditional variables used to explain survival following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) account for only 72% of survival, suggesting that other unknown factors may influence outcomes. Research on other diseases suggests that neighbourhood factors may partly determine health outcomes. Yet, this approach has rarely been used for OHCA. This work outlines a methodology to investigate multiple neighbourhood factors as determinants of OHCA outcomes. Methods: A retrospective, observational cohort study design will be used. All adult non-emergency medical service witnessed OHCAs of cardiac etiology within the city of Toronto between 2006 and 2010 will be included. Event details will be extracted from the Toronto site of the Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium Epistry-Cardiac Arrest, an existing population-based dataset of consecutive OHCA patients. Geographic information systems technology will be used to assign patients to census tracts. Neighbourhood variables to be explored include the Ontario Marginalization Index (deprivation, dependency, ethnicity, and instability), crime rate, and density of family physicians. Hierarchical logistic regression analysis will be used to explore the association between neighbourhood characteristics and 1) survival-to-hospital discharge, 2) return-of-spontaneous circulation at hospital arrival, and 3) provision of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Receiver operating characteristics curves will evaluate each model's ability to discriminate between those with and without each outcome. Discussion: This study will determine the role of neighbourhood characteristics in OHCA and their association with clinical outcomes. The results can be used as the basis to focus on specific neighbourhoods for facilitating educational interventions, CPR awareness programs, and higher utilization of automatic defibrillation devices.

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Influence of neighborhood deprivation, gender and ethno-racial origin on smoking behavior of Canadian youth

Cited by 22 publications

References 25 publications

Gender differences in mental health service utilization among respondents reporting depression in a national health survey

Gender differences in mental health service utilization among respondents reporting depression in a national health survey

Exposure to point‐of‐sale displays and changes in susceptibility to smoking: findings from a cohort study of school students

Does location matter? A proposed methodology to evaluate neighbourhood effects on cardiac arrest survival and bystander CPR

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