Influence of Nutrition in Experimental Infection

Clark, Paul F.; McClung, L. S.; Pinkerton, Henry; Price, Winston H.; Schneider, Howard A.; Trager, William

doi:10.1146/annurev.mi.04.100150.002015

Cited by 28 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 71 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Experiments showing that poor nutrition, whether through diet quantity or quality, leads to a weakened immune response go back to the early decades of the 20th century (Clark ; Scrimshaw et al . ; Good et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Experiments showing that poor nutrition, whether through diet quantity or quality, leads to a weakened immune response go back to the early decades of the 20th century (Clark 1950;Scrimshaw et al 1959;Good et al 1976) and continue, with increasing sophistication, to the present (Moret & Schmid-Hempel 2000;Kristan 2008;Ayres & Schneider 2009). Studies explicitly testing the influence of host resources on pathogen abundance are less common, primarily because it is difficult to disentangle the direct effect of host resources on pathogen replication from the indirect effect of host resources on pathogen mortality, mediated by the immune system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Disentangling the interaction among host resources, the immune system and pathogens

Cressler¹,

Nelson²,

Day³

et al. 2013

Ecology Letters

141

160

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The interaction between the immune system and pathogens is often characterised as a predator–prey interaction. This characterisation ignores the fact that both require host resources to reproduce. Here, we propose novel theory that considers how these resource requirements can modify the interaction between the immune system and pathogens. We derive a series of models to describe the energetic interaction between the immune system and pathogens, from fully independent resources to direct competition for the same resource. We show that increasing within-host resource supply has qualitatively distinct effects under these different scenarios. In particular, we show the conditions for which pathogen load is expected to increase, decrease or even peak at intermediate resource supply. We survey the empirical literature and find evidence for all three patterns. These patterns are not explained by previous theory, suggesting that competition for host resources can have a strong influence on the outcome of disease.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling the interaction among host resources, the immune system and pathogens

Cressler¹,

Nelson²,

Day³

et al. 2013

Ecology Letters

141

160

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The observations on the selective effects of threonine also suggest that normally existing or nutritionally modified differences in the amino-acid levels of tissues might affect the susceptibility of the host. It appears entirely possible that many previously observed effects of nutrition on susceptibility (Clark, 1950) might involve similar selective effects of the host upon a heterogeneous parasite population.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular Products Affecting the Establishment of Bacteria of Different Virulence

Braun

1956

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Details of the procedures have been described previously ( 1). Roller tube cultures of 15-day chick lung were prepared as previously described(1) using 20-40 mg of tissue per tube.…”

Section: From the Departments Of Bacteriology And Biochemistry Collementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Adrenocortical Steroids on Duration of Pentothal Anesthesia in Adrenalectomized Mice

Shibata

Komiya

1953

Experimental Biology and Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

more palatable to the monkeys than was a dry ration. The ration was offered in small amounts, about 50 g, 3 times daily. Control animals received the 18% casein basal ( 7). I n the first experiment, a group of 9 monkeys was placed on the basal ration containing 2 % 6-R4T and 0.05% dl-tryptophan for 7 days: and on the 8th, 9th-and 10th days this group and a control group of 9 monkeys were fed a total of 120 ml of 10% virus suspension (about 1,200,000 intracerebral LD50) in 6 doses of 20 ml each. Temperatures were recorded daily and the animals were observed for signs of disease twice daily. Three weeks after the first virus feeding the surviving animals were placed on the 18% casein basal diet. The results are recorded in Table I. Exp. 2 and 3 (Table I) were similar except that 1) the 2% 6-MT ration was not supplemented with tryptophan and 2 ) the monkeys received two feedings of 20 ml of a 1:400 dilution (approximately 1 0,000 intracerebral LDS0) from the same pool of Wisconsin '45 virus on the eighth day of the experiment. The surviving animals of all 3 experiments were challenged intracerebrally with 500 LDZo IVisconsin '45 virus 6-9 weeks after their oral exposure.In Exp. 1, there was a suggestion of protection against the virus in the 6-MT group, i.e., incubation periods were longer, febrile prodromata less pronounced and two animals escaped paralytic infection. These 2 animals, KO. 3 and 4, apparently did experience an inapparent infection for they resisted a large intracerebral challenge 9 weeks later, I n the second and third experiments, the smaller inoculum resulted in a lower incidence of paralytic infection in the controls, 8/10 and 4/9 respectively, while only one of the 20 animals receiving 6-MT became paralyzed. The surviving animals in the latter experiment succumbed to intracerebral challenge.Summary. These experiments are obviously of a preliminary nature but they do show that the susceptibility of a primate to poliomyelitis via a natural portal of entry may be altered and they suggest that this approach to the modification of susceptibility to poliomyelitis should be explored further.

show abstract

Influence of Nutrition in Experimental Infection

Cited by 28 publications

References 71 publications

Disentangling the interaction among host resources, the immune system and pathogens

Disentangling the interaction among host resources, the immune system and pathogens

Cellular Products Affecting the Establishment of Bacteria of Different Virulence

Effect of Adrenocortical Steroids on Duration of Pentothal Anesthesia in Adrenalectomized Mice

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About