Influence of Polylysine on the Rupture of Negatively Charged Membranes

Diederich, Anke; Bahr, G. F.; Winterhalter, Mathias

doi:10.1021/la9802668

Cited by 50 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The membrane potentials affect the interaction of other poly-charged molecules with membranes. Adsorption of positively charged polylysine on one side of a lipid bilayer led to an asymmetric transmembrane potential, which added to the externally applied voltage [48]. We see a similar phenomenon in the case of polySia chains.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Membrane potential-dependent binding of polysialic acid to lipid monolayers and bilayers

Nowotarski

Sapoń

Kowalska

et al. 2013

Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters

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Abbreviations used:  diff -potassium diffusion potential,  S -surface potential; DP -degree of polymerization; ODA -octadecylamine; polySia -polysialic acid; OX-Voxonol V, TB -toluidine blue Abstract: Polysialic acids are linear polysaccharides composed of sialic acid monomers. These polyanionic chains are usually membrane-bound, and are expressed on the surfaces of neural, tumor and neuroinvasive bacterial cells. We used toluidine blue spectroscopy, the Langmuir monolayer technique and fluorescence spectroscopy to study the effects of membrane surface potential and transmembrane potential on the binding of polysialic acids to lipid bilayers and monolayers. Polysialic acid free in solution was added to the bathing solution to assess the metachromatic shift in the absorption spectra of toluidine blue, the temperature dependence of the fluorescence anisotropy of DPH in liposomes, the limiting molecular area in lipid monolayers, and the fluorescence spectroscopy of oxonol V in liposomes. Our results show that both a positive surface potential and a positive transmembrane potential inside the vesicles can facilitate the binding of polysialic acid chains to model lipid membranes. These observations suggest that these membrane potentials can also affect the polysialic acid-mediated interaction between cells.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Membrane potential-dependent binding of polysialic acid to lipid monolayers and bilayers

Nowotarski

Sapoń

Kowalska

et al. 2013

Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters

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“…Large soap films were spanned across a rim, defects were induced by electrical discharges and the kinetics of film rupture were recorded using a high speed camera [43]. The velocity of the pore rim can range from several meters per second down to micrometers per second [43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51]. The observed velocities represent the balance between the mechanical forces exceeding those driving the opening (or closing) of the pore as well as the damping forces.…”

Section: Electric Field Effect On Pore Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(8), a linear increase suggests a fast rupturing driven by inertia [44,46]. More drastic effects are visible for decorated lipids [47][48][49][50][51]. [44,52,53].…”

Section: Kinetics Of Pore Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid membranes in external electric fields: Kinetics of large pore formation causing rupture

Winterhalter

2014

Advances in Colloid and Interface Science

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“…1: r c 2 ͞A Х kT͞8 ln(1 ϩ c 0 A͞) ϩ 0 ͞E. We describe the dynamics of pores in a membrane by analogy with the opening of holes in viscous bare films (18,19). The growth law of the hole is derived from a transfer of surface energy into viscous losses:…”

Section: ϫ3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of transient pores in stretched vesicles

Sandre

Moreaux

Brochard‐Wyart

1999

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

352

394

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We image macroscopic transient pores in mechanically stretched giant vesicles. Holes open above a critical radius r c1 , grow up to a radius r c2 , and close. We interpret the upper limit r c2 by a relaxation of the membrane tension as the holes expand. The closing of the holes is caused by a further relaxation of the surface tension when the internal liquid leaks out. A dynamic model fits our data for the growth and closure of pores.Opening a hole in a biological membrane has been a challenge for drug delivery and gene therapy. Chemical strategies, based on the addition of a suitable agent (1, 2) [detergent proteins such as talin (3)] and physical means (4) [electroporation (5), osmotic shock (6), temperature jump (4), and adhesion on porous (7) or decorated substrates (8) (A. L. Bernard, M. A. GuedeauBoudeville, O.S., S. Palacin, J. M. diMiglio, and L. Jullien, unpublished data), have been developed to increase membrane permeability.Our approach is to stretch the vesicle membrane: even a weak adhesion or an intense light provides a tension , which relaxes by the formation of transient macroscopic pores. The standard difficulty of visualizing directly at video rate the fast dynamics of pore openings and closings is overcome here by the use of a viscous solvent. The role of solvent viscosity is surprising: under tension, vesicles start to burst, very much like viscous bubbles (9), and this is controlled by lipid viscosity. However, as we shall see, there is a leak-out of the internal liquid, which relaxes the tension and induces the closure of the pore. In a solution of low viscosity (like water), leak-out is fast: the pores close before reaching a visible size. If we make the solvent more viscous, leak-out is slowed down: the pores reach sizes up to 10 m. The immersion of vesicles in a viscous environment allows visualization of transient pores in a membrane stretched by either intense illumination or weak adhesion on a solid substrate.For clarity, we begin by presenting in the next section a simple theoretical picture of the pore's dynamics. After that, we describe the experiments.Model of the Opening and Closing of Pores. Closed membranes, such as red blood cells or vesicles, are under zero surface tension in their equilibrium unswollen phase (10). They undulate by thermal fluctuations. The resistance to deformations of the membrane is mainly caused by curvature energy. The surface is crumpled, as shown in Fig. 5a. An excess area ⌬A ϭ A Ϫ A p Ͼ 0 (where A is the total area and A p the projected area) is required to maintain the zero surface-tension state (11-13). When a vesicle adheres to a substrate or is sucked in a glass micropipette, the surface cannot adjust to its optimal value, and a surface tension of is created. The fluctuations of the membrane are strongly reduced, and the shape of the vesicle becomes spherical (Fig. 5b). The micropipette technique allows one to measure the relation between the tension (over four decades, 10 Ϫ3 -10 mN͞m) and the increase of the projected area A p (14). Two r...

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Influence of Polylysine on the Rupture of Negatively Charged Membranes

Cited by 50 publications

References 33 publications

Membrane potential-dependent binding of polysialic acid to lipid monolayers and bilayers

Membrane potential-dependent binding of polysialic acid to lipid monolayers and bilayers

Lipid membranes in external electric fields: Kinetics of large pore formation causing rupture

Dynamics of transient pores in stretched vesicles

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