Influence of post-injection strategies and CeO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles additives in the C30D blends and diesel on engine performance, NO<sub>X</sub> emissions, and PM characteristics in diesel engine

Fayad, Mohammed A.; AL-Ogaidi, Bashar R.; Abood, Marwa K; AL-Salihi, Hind A.

doi:10.1080/02726351.2021.2017088

Cited by 35 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Diesel engines emit high levels of NO X and smoke. 65 , 66 The bulk of the soot is formed during the combustion period, which is controlled by mixing. In the late combustion stage, most of the soot formed is oxidized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultralow Sulfur Diesel and Rapeseed Methyl Ester Fuel Impact on Performance, Emitted Regulated, Unregulated, and Nanoparticle Pollutants

et al. 2022

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The operation of engines using rapeseed methyl ester (RME) and ultralow sulfur diesel (ULSD) was tested for the combustion properties, emitted regulated, unregulated exhaust pollutants, and the size of nanoparticles. The combustion analysis showed higher apparent heat release rate and shorter ignition delay period during RME combustion than during ULSD combustion. The ULSD engine has a combustion chamber maximum pressure relatively higher than that of RME. This study showed that the heat release rate of ULSD is always higher than that of RME while more fuel consumption occurred from the combustion of biodiesel in comparison with diesel. When the engine is running on RME, HC and NOx formation increased at high loads up to 15% and 13%, respectively; meanwhile, CO concentrations reduced by 30.9% for the same conditions. Most of the particulate matter (PM) emitted from a diesel engine has a particle size from 5 to 100 nm, while the particle size from ULSD ranged from 5 to 40 nm. Overloading the engine caused a decrease in the sizes of emitted PM for both fuels. The smoke number for RME was less than that for ULSD by 33.9% at high loads. For high engine load, the cumulative concentration number for the nucleation mode decreased, while it increased for the accumulation mode. Furthermore, measurements of formaldehyde, ethane, methane, acetylene, ethylene, propylene, and isocyanic acid emissions showed the presence of these harmful substances at very low concentrations (8 ppm) for both fuels.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In diesel engines, the internal combustion is characterized by the controlled mixing of air–fuel inside the engine cylinders. Diesel engines emit high levels of NO X and smoke. , The bulk of the soot is formed during the combustion period, which is controlled by mixing. In the late combustion stage, most of the soot formed is oxidized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultralow Sulfur Diesel and Rapeseed Methyl Ester Fuel Impact on Performance, Emitted Regulated, Unregulated, and Nanoparticle Pollutants

et al. 2022

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“…The ICE is more likely to meet the emission target [6]. In a diesel or CI engine, in addition to NOx, the typical high PM emissions need to be reduced by several techniques, such as changing injection pressure [7], using alternative fuels [8] and adding nanoparticle additives [9]. To comply with the emissions regulation, using PM filters is sometimes necessary [10], [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies to achieve controlled auto-ignition (CAI) combustion: A review

Veza

Setiawan²,

Firman³

et al. 2022

Mech. Eng. for Soc. and Ind.

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Conventional gasoline engines suffer from low performance and NOx emissions. Controlled auto-ignition (CAI), sometimes referred to as homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI), is a promising concept to solve such problems. CAI has the potential to improve spark ignition (SI) engine fuel economy while at the same time solving the trade-off of NOx-soot emissions found in compression ignition (CI) engines. The CAI engine can reach a fuel economy comparable to that of a conventional diesel engine with ultra-low NOx and negligible soot emissions. However, controlling auto-ignition remains the biggest difficulty that hinders the implementation of CAI as a commercial engine. Research towards a cleaner and more efficient engine is driven by the progressively stringent emission regulation imposed worldwide. Therefore, the CAI was developed to meet the emissions target while maintaining engine performance. CAI works on the principle of lean mixture and auto-ignition. To obtain CAI combustion, the temperatures in the cylinder must be sufficient to initiate auto-ignition. Without the use of a spark plug or injector, the CAI suffers from a direct control mechanism to start the combustion. The most practical approach to controlling the initiation of auto-ignition in CAI is diluting the intake charge by either trapping the residual gas or recirculating the exhaust gas. Both approaches enable the engine to achieve CAI combustion without requiring significant modifications to control the onset of CAI combustion phase.

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“…In recent years, nanomaterials are becoming very promising additives for diesel engine fuels. Their aim is to reduce harmful emissions from diesel engines and improve their performance [54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63]. Nanomaterials exhibit excellent properties so that they can be used as fuel additives to improve the performance of diesel engines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, in [61], the effect of adding cerium oxide (CeO 2 ) nanoparticles, which were added to rapeseed oil (C30D) and diesel fuel at two concentrations (50 and 100 mg/L), on engine performance, NO x and PM emissions was investigated. The addition of CeO 2 nanoparticles to C30D oil and diesel fuel was tested under a secondary fuel injection (PI) strategy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Studies of the Effect of Air Filter Pressure Drop on the Composition and Emission Changes of a Compression Ignition Internal Combustion Engine

Dziubak

Karczewski

2022

Energies

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This paper presents an experimental evaluation of the effect of air filter pressure drop on the composition of exhaust gases and the operating parameters of a modern internal combustion Diesel engine. A literature analysis of the methods of reducing the emission of toxic components of exhaust gases from SI engines was conducted. It has been shown that the air filter pressure drop, increasing during the engine operation, causes a significant decrease in power output and an increase in fuel consumption, as well as smoke emission of Diesel engines with the classical injection system with a piston (sectional) in-line injection pump. It has also been shown, on the basis of a few literature studies, that the increase in the resistance of air filter flow causes a change in the composition of car combustion engines, with the effect of the air filter pressure drop on turbocharged engines being insignificant. A programme, and conditions of tests, on a dynamometer of a modern six-cylinder engine with displacement Vss = 15.8 dm3 and power rating 226 kW were prepared, regarding the influence of air filter pressure drop on the composition of exhaust gases and the parameters of its operation. For each technical state of the air filter, in the range of rotational speed n = 1000–2100 rpm, measurements of exhaust gas composition and emission were carried out, as well as measurements and calculations of engine-operating parameters, namely that of effective power. An increase in the pressure drop in the inlet system of a modern Diesel truck engine has no significant effect on the emissions of CO, CO2, HC and NOx to the atmosphere, nor does it cause significant changes in the degree of smoke opacity of exhaust gases in relation to its permissible value. An increase in air filter pressure drop from value Δpf = 0.580 kPa to Δpf = 2.024 kPa (by 1.66 kPa) causes a decrease in the maximum filling factor value from ηu = 2.5 to ηu = 2.39, that is by 4.5%, and a decrease in maximum power by 8.8%.

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Influence of post-injection strategies and CeO₂ nanoparticles additives in the C30D blends and diesel on engine performance, NO_X emissions, and PM characteristics in diesel engine

Cited by 35 publications

References 64 publications

Ultralow Sulfur Diesel and Rapeseed Methyl Ester Fuel Impact on Performance, Emitted Regulated, Unregulated, and Nanoparticle Pollutants

Ultralow Sulfur Diesel and Rapeseed Methyl Ester Fuel Impact on Performance, Emitted Regulated, Unregulated, and Nanoparticle Pollutants

Strategies to achieve controlled auto-ignition (CAI) combustion: A review

Experimental Studies of the Effect of Air Filter Pressure Drop on the Composition and Emission Changes of a Compression Ignition Internal Combustion Engine

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Influence of post-injection strategies and CeO2 nanoparticles additives in the C30D blends and diesel on engine performance, NOX emissions, and PM characteristics in diesel engine

Cited by 35 publications

References 64 publications

Ultralow Sulfur Diesel and Rapeseed Methyl Ester Fuel Impact on Performance, Emitted Regulated, Unregulated, and Nanoparticle Pollutants

Ultralow Sulfur Diesel and Rapeseed Methyl Ester Fuel Impact on Performance, Emitted Regulated, Unregulated, and Nanoparticle Pollutants

Strategies to achieve controlled auto-ignition (CAI) combustion: A review

Experimental Studies of the Effect of Air Filter Pressure Drop on the Composition and Emission Changes of a Compression Ignition Internal Combustion Engine

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Product

Resources

About

Influence of post-injection strategies and CeO₂ nanoparticles additives in the C30D blends and diesel on engine performance, NO_X emissions, and PM characteristics in diesel engine