“…In literature, there are many studies that have been done to compare modified and standard coping designs, but with different modifications of the framework and different failure testing methods. Modifications in framework design included collared designs (8,13,(31)(32)(33), anatomical cut back designs (5,19,34), and also included addition of ribs or horizontal embossments (35,36). Testing methods included single load to fracture (8,20,31), reliability and survival rate after fatigue testing (4,5,13,14), measuring the number and total area of chipping (37) and Finite Element Analysis (FEA) (36).…”