Influence of saturated fatty acid material composition in biodiesel on its performance in internal combustion engines

Tamilselvan, P.; Sassykova, L.R.; Prabhahar, M.; Bhaskar, K.; Gomathi, K.; Sendilvelan, S.; Prakash, S.

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2020.07.626

Cited by 28 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In particular, the presence of long-chain C16-18 FAs, the high content of C18:1, and the level of UFA positively influence these two parameters. [48]. As it can be seen in Table 2, beside the control, more than 96% of C. zofingiensis total FAs were represented by C16-C18 groups, C18:1 was in the range 30.64% (TEA2)-45.32% (SAL2), and the degree of unsaturation was in the range 57.90% (SAL2)-67.53% (ETA3).…”

Section: Analysis Of Biodiesel Properties Based On Fame Profilementioning

confidence: 83%

Lipid content and fatty acid methyl ester profile by Chromochloris zofingiensis under chemical and metabolic stress

Vitali

Lolli

Sansone

et al. 2023

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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This work encompasses the effect of chemical and metabolic stress on lipid content and fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile by Chromochloris zofingiensis. To this aim, a control medium amended with specific concentrations of sodium chloride (15 g L−1, 30 g L−1, and 60 g L−1) and of ethanolamine (ETA) and triethylamine (TEA) (0.050 g L−1, 0.100 g L−1, and 0.150 g L−1) has been used for the cultivation of this strain. A better lipid content than the control was obtained under salt stress compared to chemical stress induced by ETA and TEA, while the effect on lipid productivity was negligible. Thirty grams per liter of NaCl allowed to obtain the highest value of the total lipid content (30.33% DW) compared to the control (20% DW). FAME profile revealed a 97.50–98.99% composition in C16–C18 with no statistically meaningful differences among the three concentrations of salt and chemicals tested. The most represented fatty acids were C18:1 oleic (> 45%wt), C16:0 palmitic (> 34%wt), and C18:2 linoleic (> 21%wt) obtained under 60 and 30 mg L−1 of NaCl and 0.150 g L−1 of ETA, respectively. When using 0.150 g L−1 of ETA, unsaturated fatty acids reached the highest portion (67.53%wt) than the control (62.26%wt). A quantitative and qualitative analysis of all FAMEs has been carried out to improve biodiesel properties. Chemical and physical properties of algal lipid–derived biodiesel showed a compliance with ASTM standards for unmixed biodiesel and the main European regulations (EN 14214 and EN 590) for the quality of biodiesel resulted fulfilled. Therefore, a profitable biodiesel can be obtained when cultivating C. zofingiensis under osmotic stress. Graphical abstract

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Section: Analysis Of Biodiesel Properties Based On Fame Profilementioning

confidence: 83%

Lipid content and fatty acid methyl ester profile by Chromochloris zofingiensis under chemical and metabolic stress

Vitali

Lolli

Sansone

et al. 2023

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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“…It is because of the decrease in the PUSFA percentage [22]. Similarly, the density also affects the engine performance [23]. The density of the FMME sample is observed between PFB and WCOB, which is shown clearly in table 5.…”

Section: Fuel Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Engine performance is analysed in terms of brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and BSFC (table 6). It was observed that at each CR, the BTE decreased by increasing the P inj [23,24]. This could be attributed to the increased fuel impingement at higher P inj as it is a small-capacity engine.…”

Section: Engine Experiments 321 Performance Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Sustainable biodiesel from flex-mix feedstock and its combustion in a VCR-CRDI engine with variable exhaust gas recirculation and injection pressure

Sharma¹,

Hossain²,

Duraisamy³

et al. 2022

J. Phys. Energy

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Biodiesel produced from single feedstocks has many challenges due to variations in the oil properties. Flex-mix approach is a long-term solution for turning mixed feedstock into high-quality biodiesels. In this investigation, a premixed used cooking oil and animal fat (pig fat) mixture (from 20-80%) was transesterified to produce flex-mix methyl ester (FMME). The FMME fuel characteristics were tested and compared to biodiesel standards. Generally, biodiesel emits higher oxides of nitrogen (NOx) gas due to the presence of high unsaturation compounds and oxygen. The present study aimed to address this issue by adopting the flex-mix approach in combination with fuel injection strategies (400, 500 and 600 bar), exhaust gas recirculation (EGR-10%, 20% and 30%) and variable compression ratio (CR 17.5:1, 20:1 and 22:1). At a CR of 22 and injection pressure (Pinj) 600 bar, the FMME fuel without EGR shows a minimum reduction in brake thermal efficiency (BTE) of 0.15 % when compared to diesel. Nitric oxide (NO) gas emissions decreased by nearly 50% for all Pinj and EGR, but they rose when the CR was increased to 20 and 22. Smoke and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions also increased with exhaust gas proportion. The engine performance with FMME fuel was found to be equivalent to fossil diesel fuel. According to the findings, the flex-mix approach could be a long-term alternative to producing renewable fuel for off-road diesel engines application.

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“…The analysis of FAME profile allows determining whether the lipidic fraction of algal biomass guarantees oxidative stability and ignition quality of the biodiesel, which are two of the main fuel properties able to greatly affect biodiesel quality. These two parameters are positively influenced by the presence of long chain fatty acid (C16-18), high content of C18:1 and the degree of unsaturation [35]. As it can be seen in Figure 5, beside the control, more than 96% of C. zofingensis total FAs were represented by C16-C18 groups, C18:1 was 39.46% (MOL2), and UFA were in the range 75.34% (MOL1) -77.11% (MOL3).…”

Section: Analysis Of Biodiesel Properties Based On Fame Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of mixotrophy on lipid content and fatty acids methyl esters profile by Chlorella zofingiensis grown in media containing sugar cane molasses

Vitali

Lolli

Sansone

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The effect of mixotrophy on lipid content and fatty acids methyl ester (FAME) profile by Chlorella zofingiensis is investigated in this work. For this purpose, growth media containing specific concentrations of sugar cane molasses, are used to sustain microalgae growth. Lipids have been extracted from microalgae and then characterized. Specifically, all FAMEs have been quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed in order to improve biodiesel properties. Results showed that using specific concentrations of molasses the total lipid content increased up to 20% compared to the control. FAME profile revealed a 97% composition in C16-C18 where unsaturated fatty acids reached a high portion (77%) when using 2 g L -1 molasses. Main characteristics of biodiesel obtainable from the algal lipids are also evaluated. Based on the biomass and lipid productivity achieved during the experiments as well as on the compliance of the corresponding biodiesel characteristics with its international standards, it can be stated that molasses waste is a viable option as a cheap medium for the cultivation of Chlorella zofingiensis .

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Influence of saturated fatty acid material composition in biodiesel on its performance in internal combustion engines

Cited by 28 publications

References 35 publications

Lipid content and fatty acid methyl ester profile by Chromochloris zofingiensis under chemical and metabolic stress

Lipid content and fatty acid methyl ester profile by Chromochloris zofingiensis under chemical and metabolic stress

Sustainable biodiesel from flex-mix feedstock and its combustion in a VCR-CRDI engine with variable exhaust gas recirculation and injection pressure

Effect of mixotrophy on lipid content and fatty acids methyl esters profile by Chlorella zofingiensis grown in media containing sugar cane molasses

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