Influence of Strong Tropical Volcanic Eruptions on Daily Temperature and Precipitation Extremes Across the Globe

Wang, Tao; Miao, Jiapeng; Wang, Huijun; Sun, Jun

doi:10.1007/s13351-021-0160-9

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Therefore, O 3 concentration was sensitive to changes in solar radiation in the lower stratosphere. The volcanic sulfate aerosols could reduce the solar radiation by strong scattering effect (Figure S3 in Supporting Information ) and then lead to O 3 decrease (Krishnamohan et al., 2019; Mills et al., 2017; Wang et al., 2021). Although sulfate aerosols formed within 1–2 months after the volcanic eruption, large amount of sulfate aerosols were transported below 40 hPa when in July, afterward appeared a reduction of lower‐stratospheric O 3 (Figure S2a in Supporting Information ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stratospheric Aerosol and Ozone Responses to the Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha'apai Volcanic Eruption

Lou

Huang

et al. 2023

Geophysical Research Letters

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The Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha'apai (HTHH) eruption on 15 January 2022 was one of the most explosive volcanic events of the 21st century so far. According to satellite‐based measurements, 0.4 Tg of sulfur dioxide (SO2) was injected into the stratosphere during the eruption. By using observations and model simulations, here we investigate changes in the chemical compositions of the stratosphere 1 year after the HTHH eruption and examine the key physical and chemical processes that influence the ozone (O3) concentrations. Injected SO2 was oxidized into sulfate during the first 2 months, and transported from the tropics to the Antarctic by the Brewer‐Dobson circulation within 1 year. In mid‐to‐low latitudes, enhanced sulfate aerosol increased O3 concentrations in the middle stratosphere but declined in the lower stratosphere. In addition to the chemical processes, sulfate aerosols also reduced polar low‐stratospheric O3 concentrations through enhanced Antarctic upwelling anomalies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stratospheric Aerosol and Ozone Responses to the Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha'apai Volcanic Eruption

Lou

Huang

et al. 2023

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…Two studies have investigated how some climate extremes respond to large tropical volcanic eruptions: Paik and Min (2018) used the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 Taylor et al (2012), CMIP5, ensemble to investigate responses to eruptions over the historical period (1850-present day), while Wang et al (2021) used two climate models run over the last millennium using CMIP5 volcanic forcing to investigate the response to eruptions since 850. Both studies found that temperature indices (annual minimum and maximum temperatures) closely follow the mean temperature response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the impact of very large volcanic eruptions on the risk of extreme climate events

Freychet,

Schurer,

Ballinger

et al. 2023

Environ. Res.: Climate

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Very large volcanic eruptions have substantial impacts on the climate, causing global cooling and major changes to the hydrological cycle. While most studies have focused on changes to mean climate, here we use a large ensemble to assess the impact on extreme climate for three years following tropical and extratropical eruptions of different sulfur emission strength. We focus on the impact of an extremely large eruption, injecting 40 Tg sulfur into the stratosphere, which could be expected to occur approximately twice a millennium. Our findings show that the eruption would have a profound effect on large areas of the globe, resulting in extremely rare drought events that under normal circumstances would occur once every century becoming very likely. Several regions such as West Africa, South and East Asia and the Maritime continent are particularly affected with the expected climate shifting well outside the usual range, by up to 5 standard deviations. These results have important consequences as they indicate that a severe drought in multiple breadbasket regions should be expected following a large eruption. The risk of heavy rainfall tends to decrease over the same regions but by a reduced amount, heatwaves become extremely rare however the chance of extreme Winter cold surges do not increase by a corresponding amount, since widespread parts of the Northern Hemisphere display a winter warming. Our results show that the location of the eruption is crucial for the change in extremes, with overall changes larger for a Northern Hemisphere eruption than a tropical and Southern Hemisphere eruption, although there is a regional dependency. Simulations of different eruptions with similar forcing distributions but with different sizes are consistent with a linear relationship, however for smaller eruptions the internal variability tends to become dominant and the effect on extreme climate less detectable.

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“…The extent and impact of this event remains unclear (Svensson et al., 2013; Timmreck et al., 2010). Strong tropical volcanic eruptions have also been shown to influence daily temperature and precipitation extremes (Wang et al., 2021). These eruptions could induce a somewhat weaker response in warmer climates (Hopcroft et al., 2018), but volcanism will continue to play an important role in future variability (Bethke et al., 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and precipitation extremes (Wang et al, 2021). These eruptions could induce a somewhat weaker response in warmer climates (Hopcroft et al, 2018), but volcanism will continue to play an important role in future variability (Bethke et al, 2017).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting State‐Dependent Effects of Natural Forcing on Global and Local Climate Variability

Ellerhoff

Kirschner

Ziegler

et al. 2022

Geophysical Research Letters

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Climate variability, that is variations in the statistics of climate parameters, characterizes Earth's dynamical system and is the primary influence on extreme events (Katz & Brown, 1992). Variability arises from unforced processes, internal to the climate system, and from forced processes, caused by external natural and anthropogenic drivers. Natural drivers include volcanic and solar forcing, contributing significantly to climate variability (Crowley & Unterman, 2013b). Due to anthropogenic activities, the recent trend of global mean surface temperature (GMST) and other variables has clearly emerged beyond the range of natural variability (

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Influence of Strong Tropical Volcanic Eruptions on Daily Temperature and Precipitation Extremes Across the Globe

Cited by 5 publications

References 63 publications

Stratospheric Aerosol and Ozone Responses to the Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha'apai Volcanic Eruption

Stratospheric Aerosol and Ozone Responses to the Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha'apai Volcanic Eruption

Assessing the impact of very large volcanic eruptions on the risk of extreme climate events

Contrasting State‐Dependent Effects of Natural Forcing on Global and Local Climate Variability

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