Influence of target dynamics and number of impacts on ballistic performance of 6061-T6 and 7075-T6 aluminum alloy targets

Kumar, Sundaram Suresh; Bharath, A.; Aravind, B

doi:10.1080/15397734.2020.1738245

Cited by 33 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The microstructure of the penetration channel reveals material flow lines along with numerous shear bands ( Figure 12 a). The penetration of the projectile into the target causes ductile hole growth [ 72 ]. The target material was nitrogen-strengthened austenitic stainless steel.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics Modeling and Experimental Analysis of the Ballistic Performance of Steel-Based FML Targets

et al. 2022

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In this paper, shields made of 1.3964 stainless steel bonded to a fiber laminate were subjected to ballistic impact response of 7.62 × 51 mm ŁPS (light projectile with a lead core) projectiles. Additionally, between the steel sheet metal and the laminate, a liquid-filled bag was placed, which was a mixture of ethylene glycol (C2H6O2) with 5 wt.% SiO2 nanopowder. Numerical modeling of the projectile penetrating the samples was carried out using the finite element method in the Abaqus program. The elasto-plastic behavior of the projectile material and the component layers of the shields was taken into account. Projectile penetration through glycol-filled bag has been performed using the smooth particle hydrodynamics technique. The morphology of the penetration channel was also analyzed using a scanning electron microscope. For the shield variant with a glycol-filled bag between the steel and laminate plates, the inlet speed of projectile was 834 m/s on average, and 366 m/s behind the sample. For the variant where there was no glycol-filled bag between the steel and laminate plates, the inlet and outlet average velocities were 836 m/s, after 481 m/s, respectively. Referring to the steel-glycol-laminate and steel-laminate variants, it can be concluded that the laminate-glycol-laminate is more effective.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics Modeling and Experimental Analysis of the Ballistic Performance of Steel-Based FML Targets

et al. 2022

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“…[4][5][6][7] Nowadays, there is a significant focus on aluminium alloys in the defence sector as lightweight protective structures due to their high specific strength-to-weight ratio, low areal density and superior mechanical properties. [8][9][10] Precipitation hardening 7xxx series aluminium alloys, particularly aluminium alloy 7075 grades, are the most preferable. 11 Aluminium alloy 7075 grades are majorly alloyed with zinc, magnesium, and copper elements, which have superior mechanical properties such as energy absorption capability and improved surface hardness, similar to RHA grade steel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So far, the literature has dealt with a variety of numerical and experimental ballistic studies on composite materials, surface modifications, reinforcement of metal matrix composites, different kinds of projectiles and their shapes, optimized ballistic limit velocities, and friction stir process plates. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] Furthermore, there are numerous reports in the literature on the high-velocity impact of various Al alloys; a comprehensive study on the projectile's penetration behaviour in single layered rolled condition plates of various thicknesses and heat treatments are needed. As a result, the specified condition of heat treatment and optimized target thickness necessary to prevent complete penetration can be chosen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of target thickness and investigation on the effect of heat treatment on the ballistic performance of aluminium alloy 7075 targets against hard steel core projectile

Praveen

Rao

Kumar

et al. 2022

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L:

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Optimization of target thickness and influence of heat treatment condition on the high velocity impact response of aluminium alloy 7075 targets have been determined. Both experimental and numerical studies were conducted using a 7.62 mm hard steel core projectile. The numerical simulation used a 7.62 mm Ogival nose shaped projectile with a target thickness ranging from 20 to 26 mm. High velocity impact experiments on T651 and solution treated targets, with rolled plate thicknesses ranging from 21 to 25 mm were carried out to validate the numerical findings. The microhardness of the targets was measured using Vicker's microhardness tester and fractographs were examined using a scanning electron microscope. The projectile penetrated regions were analyzed using light microscopy. A good correlation between the numerical and experimental ballistic behaviour of aluminium alloy 7075 targets was observed and an optimum target thickness of 21 and 24 mm was observed for the T651 and solution treated targets to prevent the projectile's penetration. It was also noted that, after the projectile's impact, solution treated targets had higher microhardness compared to T651 condition targets. This is due to higher work hardening of solution treated targets near the penetration channel. Even though T651 targets have a lower depth of penetration compared to solution treated targets, ‘splintering’ failure of the T651 targets is observed. In contrast, ‘petalling’ and ‘plugging’ kinds of failures were noticed on the solution treated targets. Thus, solution treatment of ballistic targets may enhance the ballistic limit of armoured vehicles.

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“…Based on findings, AA7075-T6 target responded with better ballistic resistance than AA6061-T6 and AA5083-H116 targets. Suresh Kumar et al 28 investigated the influence of target conditions (static and dynamic) against a single and multiple numbers of impacts on AA6061-T6, AA7075-T6 and AA6061 based fibre metal laminate targets. A higher rate of projectile exit velocity reduction was observed on dynamic conditioned targets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical and experimental investigations on the effect of target thickness and solution treatment on the ballistic behaviour of AA7075 thick plates

Praveen

Rao

Damodaram

et al. 2021

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C:

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The influence of target thickness and solution treatment on the ballistic behaviour of AA7075 targets has been investigated by both numerical and experimental methods. In numerical simulation, the target thickness was varied from 19 to 26 mm and an Ogive nose shaped projectile of 7.62 mm diameter with inlet velocities ranging between 800–875 m/s was considered. In order to justify the numerical observations, high velocity ballistic experiments were conducted on AA7075-T651 and the solution treated plates of various thicknesses (12, 16, 18, 20, 22 and 25 mm). For this experimental study, a deformable form projectile with dimensions of 7.62 × 51 mm and an inlet velocity of 850 ± 20 m/s was used. Microstructures of ballistic test samples were analysed using an optical microscope. Numerical analysis using ABAQUS predicted the minimum thickness required to resist complete penetration to be 20 mm in the case of AA7075 plates in the T651 condition, while experimental results showed it to be 21 mm. In the case of AA7075 solution treated plates, numerical simulation analysis predicted the minimum required plate thickness to resist complete penetration to be 24 mm, while the experimental results showed it to be 23 mm. Post ballistic microstructure analysis revealed that there was no change in the microstructure in the AA7075-T651 condition plates. Solution treated plates showed deformation of grains nearer to the impact region with the formation of adiabatic shear bands. In the case of the T651 plate, the mode of fracture was brittle, resulting in splinters, whereas it was petalling in the case of the solution-treated plates. The numerically predicted depth of penetration on both targets was reasonably close to experimental results with an average of 4% error.

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Influence of target dynamics and number of impacts on ballistic performance of 6061-T6 and 7075-T6 aluminum alloy targets

Cited by 33 publications

References 31 publications

Three-Dimensional Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics Modeling and Experimental Analysis of the Ballistic Performance of Steel-Based FML Targets

Three-Dimensional Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics Modeling and Experimental Analysis of the Ballistic Performance of Steel-Based FML Targets

Optimization of target thickness and investigation on the effect of heat treatment on the ballistic performance of aluminium alloy 7075 targets against hard steel core projectile

Numerical and experimental investigations on the effect of target thickness and solution treatment on the ballistic behaviour of AA7075 thick plates

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