Influence of the Hip Joint Modeling Approaches on the Kinematics of Human Gait

Abstract

The influence of the hip joint formulation on the kinematic response of the model of human gait is investigated throughout this work. To accomplish this goal, the fundamental issues of the modeling process of a planar hip joint under the framework of multibody systems are revisited. In particular, the formulations for the ideal, dry, and lubricated revolute joints are described and utilized for the interaction of femur head inside acetabulum or the hip bone. In this process, the main kinematic and dynamic aspects of hip joints are analyzed. In a simple manner, the forces that are generated during human gait, for both dry and lubricated hip joint models, are computed in terms of the system's state variables and subsequently introduced into the dynamics equations of motion of the multibody system as external generalized forces. Moreover, a human multibody model is considered, which incorporates the different approaches for the hip articulation, namely, ideal joint, dry, and lubricated models. Finally, several computational simulations based on different approaches are performed, and the main results are presented and compared to identify differences among the methodologies and procedures adopted in this work. The input conditions to the models correspond to the experimental data capture from an adult male during normal gait. In general, the obtained results in terms of positions do not differ significantly when different hip joint models are considered. In sharp contrast, the velocity and acceleration plotted vary significantly. The effect of the hip joint modeling approach is clearly measurable and visible in terms of peaks and oscillations of the velocities and accelerations. In general, with the dry hip model, intrajoint force peaks can be observed, which can be associated with the multiple impacts between the femur head and the cup. In turn, when the lubricant is present, the system's response tends to be smoother due to the damping effects of the synovial fluid.

Examination and comparison of different methods to model closed loop kinematic chains using Lagrangian formulation with cut joint, clearance joint constraint and elastic joint approaches

“…This procedure adds two extra degrees-of-freedom to the system, being the response of the joint controlled by forces rather than kinematic constraints as in the case of ideal or perfect joints. It is clear that a kinematic joint in a multibody system imposes restrictions at the kinematic level to the adjacent bodies, while an elastic or flexible joint leads to force constraints [87][88][89][90][91][92]. From the operating conditions point of view, it can be observed that for a large value of spring stiffness, the two spring connecting points, C and D, do not separate from each other in a significant manner, and, therefore, the closed loop kinematic structure of the slider-crank mechanism is ensured.…”

Tribology in recent biomedical engineering: a review

“…Casesnoves, and Suzenkov et al, studied Mathematical Models in Biotribology with 2D-3D Erosion Integral-Differential Model and Computational-Optimization / Simulation. [40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] Mainly they found the 2D or 3D model creation and its applications to the biotribology to improve the performance and estimation of biomaterials' use to the human body parts replacement and its functional performance increase non-linear programming simulation model which can be improved for further recommendation. Huang, Wang, Liu, Wan, and Xue et al, carried out research on vitro assessment of the tribological reaction of Mo-doped graphite-like carbon film in various organic media.…”

Dynamics and lubrication analyses of a planar multibody system with multiple lubricated joints

“…Costa et al. 41 investigated the influence of the hip joint on the kinematic response of the human gait by considering the joint as the ideal, dry, and lubricated, respectively.…”

“…Li et al 40 proposed a novel transition model for the lubricated joint to tackle with the transition between the lubrication statuses and the contact status. Costa et al 41 investigated the influence of the hip joint on the kinematic response of the human gait by considering the joint as the ideal, dry, and lubricated, respectively.…”