Influence of Various Grains on the Incidence of Esophagogastric Ulcers in Swine

Riker, J. T.; Perry, T. W.; Pickett, R. A.; Curtin, T. M.

doi:10.2527/jas1967.264731x

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Keratinization scores increased (P < 0.01) as particle size of the wheat was decreased from 1,300 to 600 m (Table 7). However, scores for stomach ulcers were not affected (P > 0.15) by reducing the particle size of wheat to 600 m. Reese et al (1966) observed no problems with stomach ulceration in pigs fed diets having 90% wheat, and Riker et al (1966) found no differences among wheat-and corn-based diets in terms of stomach lesions. However, Penny et al (1993) suggested that wheat-based diets should be coarsely ground to avoid ulcer development in finishing pigs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Enzyme supplementation and particle size of wheat in diets for nursery and finishing pigs.

Mavromichalis

Hancock

Senne

et al. 2000

Journal of Animal Science

114

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Three experiments were conducted to determine the effects of enzyme supplementation and particle size of wheat-based diets on growth performance and nutrient digestibility in nursery and finishing pigs. In Exp. 1, 180 weaned pigs (5.7 kg and 21 d of age) were fed diets in a 35-d growth assay without or with a Trichoderma longibrachiatium enzyme product (4,000 units of xylanase activity per gram of product) and with wheat ground to mean particle sizes of 1,300, 600, or 400 microm. Enzyme supplementation had no effect on ADG or gain/feed (P > 0.32), but there was a trend (P < 0.10) for greater digestibility of DM (d 6) in enzyme-supplemented diets. A particle size of 600 microm supported the greatest overall gain/feed (quadratic effect, P < 0.01). An interaction of enzyme supplementation with particle size occurred; gain/feed was improved (P < 0.01) with enzyme supplementation at the coarse (1,300 microm) particle size but not when the wheat was ground to 600 or 400 microm. In Exp. 2, 160 finishing pigs (67 kg) were fed a diet without or with the same enzyme used in Exp. 1 and wheat ground to 1,300 or 600 microm. No interactions occurred between enzyme supplementation and particle size of the wheat (P > 0.15). However, there were trends for greater gain/feed (P < 0.10) during the 67- to 93-kg phase of the experiment and for greater digestibility of DM (P < 0.10) and N (P < 0.07) with enzyme supplementation. When particle size was reduced from 1,300 to 600 microm, gain/feed was improved (P < 0.03) for the 93- to 114-kg phase of the growth assay, and digestibilities of DM (P < 0.02) and N (P < 0.04) were greater. In Exp. 3, 160 finishing pigs (63 kg) were given diets without or with the enzyme product and wheat ground to 600 or 400 microm. Enzyme supplementation improved ADG (P < 0.04) in the 90- to 115-kg phase but otherwise did not affect growth performance, carcass measurements, or stomach lesions. A particle size of 400 microm increased overall gain/feed (P < 0.04), digestibilities of DM and N (P < 0.01), and development of stomach lesions (P < 0.01). In conclusion, pigs did not benefit consistently from enzyme supplementation. However, wheat particle sizes of 600 and 400 microm supported the best overall performance in nursery and finishing pigs, respectively.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Enzyme supplementation and particle size of wheat in diets for nursery and finishing pigs.

Mavromichalis

Hancock

Senne

et al. 2000

Journal of Animal Science

114

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“…Finally, stomach keratinization and ulceration were not affected (p>0.21) by enzyme supplementation (Table 4). Factors contributing to stomach ulcers in swine have been proposed to include grain type (Riker et al, 1967), genetic predisposition (Berruecos and Robison, 1972), overcrowding (Pickett et al, 1969), fine grinding (Healy et al, 1994;Wondra et al, 1995ac), pelleting (Wondra et al, 1995b;Johnston et al, 1999a) and expanding (Johnston et al, 1999ab). In early study, Mahan et al (1966) reported physical condition of stomach content was the factor contributing to stomach ulcers.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Amylase and Cellulase Supplementation in Sorghum-based Diets for Finishing Pigs

Park¹,

Kim²,

Hancock³

et al. 2003

Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci

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Three experiments were conducted to determine the effects of a sorghum-specific enzyme system, derived from an Aspergillus niger and Bacillus subtilis fermentation extract (carbohydrase activity of 1,650 α-amylase units and cellulase activity of 30 fibrinolytic units/mL), on growth performance of finishing pigs. In Exp. 1,192 pigs (average initial BW of 46.1 kg) were fed sorghum-based diets without or with 360 mL of enzyme system per ton of sorghum in a 78 d growth assay. For d 0 to 39, gain/feed was improved (p<0.03) with enzyme supplementation, but ADG was not affected (p>0.15). For d 39 to 78 and overall (d 0 to 78), ADG, gain/feed, and digestibilities of DM and N were not affected (p>0.13) by enzyme supplementation. Backfat thickness, fat-free lean index, and scores for stomach keratinization and ulcers also were not affected (p>0.15) by the dietary treatments. In Exp. 2,168 pigs (average initial BW of 58.4 kg) were fed diets without or with 150, 300, or 450 mL/ton of the same enzyme system used in Exp. 1. Adding as much as 450 mL enzyme system / ton of sorghum did not affect (p>0.15) ADG or gain/feed for d 0 to 29 of the growth assay. However, during d 29 to 63, ADG increased by 11% (linear effect, p<0.02) and gain/feed increased by 10% (linear effect, p<0.06) as enzyme concentration was increased from none to 450 mL/ton of sorghum. For the overall period (d 0 to 63), ADG tended to increase (p<0.08) with enzyme supplementation, but gain/feed and digestibilities of DM and N were not affected (p>0.14). Carcass characteristics (dressing percentage, backfat thickness, and fat free lean index) also were not affected (p>0.20) by addition of the enzyme system. In Exp. 3,176 pigs (average initial BW of 46.7 kg) were fed diets without or with 450, 900, or 1,350 mL/ton of the same enzyme system used in Exp. 1 and 2 in a 71 d growth assay. Adding up to 1,350 mL/ton of enzyme had no effects (p>0.15) on ADG, gain/feed, digestibilities of DM and N, and carcass characteristics (dressing percentage, backfat thickness, and fat-free lean index). In conclusion, finishing pigs fed diets with a sorghum-specific enzyme system showed some positive trends for improved growth performance, but those effects were not large and (or) consistent.

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“…pandierter Form (PERRY et al, 1963;REESE et al, 1966;NUWER et al, 1967;RIKER et al, 1967), hoher Caseingehalt oder Dorschleberol (NAFSTAD et al, 1967) fuhren zu vermehrtem Auftreten von Magengeschwuren. Hafer (REESE et al, 1966), erhohter Rohfasergehalt (BAUSTAD u.…”

Section: Hiufigkeit Morphologie Ursacheunclassified

“…Somit ist eine stabile Schichtung des Mageninhaltes nicht oder nur fur kurze Zeit vorhanden, so dai3 Magensaure leicht in die Pras proventricularis gelangen kann. Die Hypothese wird gestutzt durch die Beobachtung, dai3 Magen mit starken Veranderungen einen fliissigeren und sparlicheren Inhalt aufwiesen als gesunde (RIKER et al, 1967;MAXWELL et al, 1972;EHRENSPERGER, 1974).…”

Section: Diskussionunclassified

Einfluß der Futterbeschaffenheit auf das Auftreten oesophagogastrischer Geschwüre und auf die Mastleistung beim Schwein

Ehrensperger

Jucker

Pfirter

et al. 1976

Zentralblatt für Veterinärmedizin Reihe A

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Geschwure in der driisenlosen Pars proventricularis des Schweinemagens, Ulcera oesophagogastrica, werden seit etwa 20 Jahren in allen Landern mit intensiver Schweinehaltung beobachtet. Die Mehrzahl dieser Magengeschwure bleibt klinisch inapparent; gelegentlich fuhren sie jedoch zu akuten oder chronischen Blutungen in den Magen-Darmkanal oder in Ausnahmefallen zur Magenperforation. Zbl. Vet. Med., Reihe A, Bd. 23, Heft 4 18 266 EHRENSPERGER, JUCKER, PFIRTER, POHLENZ und SCHLATTER Abb. 1. Unveranderte Pars proventricularis Abb. 2. Hyperkeratose mie Ausbildung von harten Hornschildern und -zotten. Erosionen auf den Schlundrinnenwiilsten Abb. 3. Histologisches Bild der kutanen Schleimhaut der Pars proventricularis: Hyperplasie Abb. 4. Chronisches, totales Ulcus oesophagogastricum mit hohem Randwall und bindegewebig induriertem, von Blutschlieren bededctem Ulcusgrund. Glasstab in Schlundeinmiindung der Epithelschichtcn mit Mikroulcerationen. (Schwaches Trodcensystem, H. E.) Eidflufl der Futterbeschaff enheit 267 Die patbologiscb-anatomiscben Veranderungen der kutanen Schleimhaut der Pars proventricularis des Schweinemagens wurden von verschiedenen Autoren beschrieben (MUGGENBURG et al., 1964; HUNZIKER u. NICOLET, 1968; KOWALCZYK, 1970; LENGNICK, 1972; EHRENSPERGER, 1974). Die Krankheit beginnt mit Epithelhyperplasien, spater treten Hyperkeratosen hinzu. Makroskopisch fallt eine Verdickung, Verhartung, Aufrauhung mit Schollenund Zottenbildung und meistens eine Gelbfarbung der Schleimhaut auf (Abb. 2), die normalerweise weiaglanzend, zart, glatt bis leicht geffltelt ist (Abb. 1). Histologische Merkmale (Abb. 3) bestehen in einer Oberhohung des Papillarkorpers, einer Proliferation aller Epithelschichten, insbesondere des Stratum basale und spinosum sowie einer Verhornungsstorung. Diese Alterationen konnen durch Abrisse von verharteten unelastischen Hornschollen im Bereich einer degenerierten Obergangsschicht mit verlangerten Propriazotten zu Mikroulcerationen fuhren. Durch Ausweitung und Vertiefung derartiger kleinster Epitheldefekte entstehen unter der Einwirkung von Magensaft (MUGGENBURG et al., 1964) grogere Erosionen und Ulcera (Abb. 4), die bei Gefaaarrosionen zu bluten beginnen. Das Risiko einer GefaGarrosion wachst mit zunehmender Ulcustiefe und mit zunehmender Geschwindigkeit des Erosionsprozesses. Die histologischen Befunde lassen somit den Schlui3 zu, dai3 die beschriebene Epithelhyperplasie eine praeulcerative Lasion darstellt. Die Ursache des Ulcus oesophagogastricum ist nicht vollig geklart. Sicher spielen zahlreiche Faktoren eine Rolle wie erb-und rassebedingte Pradispositionen, zu Strei3-Situationen fuhrende Haltungs-und Umweltbedingungen, Pilzinfektionen und Futterungsfaktoren (O' BRIEN, 1969;KOWALCZYK, 1970;LENGNICK, 1972;EHRENSPERGER, 1974). Fiitterungsfaktoren sind von grof3er Bedeutung: Ein hoher Maisanteil, insbesondere in gelatinierter oder hitzeex-

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Influence of Various Grains on the Incidence of Esophagogastric Ulcers in Swine

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Enzyme supplementation and particle size of wheat in diets for nursery and finishing pigs.

Enzyme supplementation and particle size of wheat in diets for nursery and finishing pigs.

Effects of Amylase and Cellulase Supplementation in Sorghum-based Diets for Finishing Pigs

Einfluß der Futterbeschaffenheit auf das Auftreten oesophagogastrischer Geschwüre und auf die Mastleistung beim Schwein

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