Influência das Variáveis Climáticas na Hospitalização por Pneumonia em Crianças Menores de Cinco Anos em Rondonópolis-MT (Influence of Variable Climate in Hospital for Pneumonia in Children Under Five Years in Rondonópolis-MT)

Abstract

As infecções respiratórias agudas constituem o principal motivo de consulta e hospitalização de crianças menores de cinco anos, sendo a pneumonia uma das principais causas de morte. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar a influência das variáveis climáticas na hospitalização por pneumonia em crianças menores de cinco anos em Rondonópolis-MT, no período de 1999 a 2014. Estudo do tipo transversal com abordagem quantitativa e descritiva, com dados do banco de dados meteorológicos para ensino e pesquisa e do departamento de informática do sistema único de saúde. Na análise estatística dos dados, foi ajustado o modelo binomial negativo pertencente à classe dos modelos lineares generalizados, adotando-se um nível de significância de 5%, com base na plataforma estatística R. Estimou-se que o número médio de casos destas hospitalização diminui em aproximadamente 11,34% a cada grau centígrado de aumento acima da média da temperatura do ar e diminua cerca de 1,52% a cada 1% de aumento acima da média da umidade relativa do ar. A precipitação pluviométrica não apresentou relação com a hospitalização. As atividades de promoção de saúde e de prevenção da pneumonia devem incluir ações que relacionem questões ambientais climáticas, voltadas para a diminuição dos casos de hospitalização de crianças. A B S T R A C T Acute respiratory infections are the main cause of consultation and hospitalization of children under five years, and the pneumonia one of the leading causes of death. The objective of this research was to analyze the influence of climate variables in hospitalization for pneumonia in children under five years in Rondonópolis-MT, from 1999 to 2014 cross-sectional study with quantitative and descriptive approach, with meteorological data from the database for teaching and research and information department of the unified health system. Statistical analysis of the data, the negative binomial model belonging to the class of generalized linear models, adopting a significance level of 5% has been adjusted, based on the statistical platform R. It has been estimated that the average number of cases these decreases hospitalization approximately 11.34% per degree centigrade increase above the air temperature and lower average about 1.52% every 1% increase above average relative humidity. Rainfall was not associated with hospitalization. The health promotion activities and prevention of pneumonia should include actions that relate climate environmental issues, aimed at reducing cases of hospitalization of children. Keywords: Climate; pneumonia; child; hospitalization.

Pneumonia in Children under 5 Years: Temporal Trends and Spatial Patterns of Hospitalizations in Brazil

“…59 Other studies have observed the same association. 60,61 With regard to climatic conditions, studies by Natalli et al 62 and Santos et al 63 identified a higher proportion of hospitalization for pneumonia in periods with the first cold fronts that cause sudden changes in temperatures, a fact that corroborates our study, in which one of the most affected regions was the south, which is considered the coldest in Brazil and also has one of the highest concentrations of industry, which may be related to the highest concentration of air pollutants.…”

Influence of air pollutants on pneumonia hospitalizations among children in a town in the Brazilian Legal Amazon region: a time series study

“…Moreover, high humidity explained 84% of the hospitalizations. 23 Regarding the frequency of hospitalization in different seasonal periods, Santos et al 24 investigated the population aged 0 to 5 years in the city of Rondonópolis, Brazil. They reported that there were greater numbers of hospitalizations due to pneumonia in the months of April and May.…”