Infrared spectroscopy based on broadly tunable quantum cascade lasers and polycrystalline diamond waveguides

Haas, Julian; Catalán, Ernesto Vargas; Piron, Pierre; Karlsson, Mikael; Mizaikoff, Boris

doi:10.1039/c8an00919h

Cited by 27 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…35 The spectral features of different glycosylated proteins have been investigated by Khajehpour et al., 36 which is interesting for studying the variability of glycation signatures. It is very crucial to use multivariate spectral techniques for glucose quantification (eg, classical least squares approaches), as single band analysis, recently demonstrated by Haas et al., 37 will lead to erroneous concentration results. These spectral misinterpretations might originate from overlapping vibrational bands in the carbohydrate characteristic spectral range between 1200 and 950 cm −1 , where also the broad and prominent absorption band of phosphate is located around 1075 cm −1 (see also Figure 4a and b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Opportunities and Limitations of Mid-Infrared Skin Spectroscopy for Noninvasive Blood Glucose Monitoring

Delbeck

Heise

2020

J Diabetes Sci Technol

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Background: A wide range of optical techniques has recently been presented for the development of noninvasive methods for blood glucose sensing based on multivariate skin spectrum analysis, and most recent studies are reviewed in short by us. The vibrational spectral fingerprints of glucose, as especially found in the mid-infrared or Raman spectrum, have been suggested for achieving largest selectivity for the development of noninvasive blood glucose methods. Methods: Here, the different aspects on integral skin measurements are presented, which are much dependent on the absorption characteristics of water as the main skin constituent. In particular, different mid-infrared measurement techniques as realized recently are discussed. The limitations of the use of the attenuated total reflection technique in particular are elaborated, and confounding skin or saliva spectral features are illustrated and discussed in the light of recently published works, claiming that the attenuated total reflection technique can be utilized for noninvasive measurements. Results: It will be shown that the penetration depth of the infrared radiation with wavelengths around 10 µm is the essential parameter, which can be modulated by different measurement techniques as with photothermal or diffuse reflection. However, the law of physics is limiting the option of using the attenuated total reflection technique with waveguides from diamond or similar optical materials. Conclusions: There are confounding features from mucosa, stratum corneum, or saliva, which have been misinterpreted for glucose measurements. Results of an earlier study with multivariate evaluation based on glucose fingerprint features are again referred to as a negative experimental proof.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Opportunities and Limitations of Mid-Infrared Skin Spectroscopy for Noninvasive Blood Glucose Monitoring

Delbeck

Heise

2020

J Diabetes Sci Technol

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“…Such an intervention (ie, in vivo cross-linking in patients) requires a diagnostic tool that reliably verifies whether the treatment was activated at the desired location of interest without affecting the tissue itself. It should be noted that, miniaturized IR-ATR with the potential of integration into arthroscopic devices has been demonstrated by the team of Mizaikoff in the mid-infrared [26], and has lately been shown also for near-and mid-infrared devices [27][28][29][30][31] facilitating real-time intraoperative assessment of tissue and cartilage condition. This technology paves the way for a technology that may assist spinal surgery allowing for the determination as to whether the IVD has been sufficiently reinforced by exogenous cross-linking.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infrared attenuated total reflection spectroscopic surface analysis of bovine‐tail intervertebral discs after UV‐light‐activated riboflavin‐induced collagen cross‐linking

Vasilikos

Haas

Teixeira³

et al. 2020

Journal of Biophotonics

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The tensile strength of the intervertebral disc (IVD) is mainly maintained by collagen crosslinks. Loss of collagen crosslinking combined with other agerelated degenerative processes contributes to tissue weakening, biomechanical failure, disc herniation and pain. Exogenous collagen cross-linking has been identified as an effective therapeutic approach for restoring IVD tensile strength. The current state-of-the-art method to assess the extent of collagen cross-linking in tissues requires destructive procedures and high-performance liquid chromatography. In this study, we investigated the utility of infrared attenuated total reflection (IR-ATR) spectroscopy as a nondestructive analytical strategy to rapidly evaluate the extent of UV-light-activated riboflavin (B2)induced collagen cross-linking in bovine IVD samples. Thirty-five fresh bovine-tail IVD samples were equally divided into five treatment groups: (a) untreated, (b) cell culture medium Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium only, (c) B2 only, (d) UV-light only and (e) UV-light-B2. A total of 674 measurements have been acquired, and were analyzed via partial least squares discriminant analysis. This classification scheme unambiguously identified individual classes with a sensitivity >91% and specificity >92%. The obtained results demonstrate that IR-ATR spectroscopy reliably differentiates between different

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“…QCLs have been employed by several research groups in setups for glucose measurements, aimed at use in portable sensors or larger sensors for intensive care, mainly using variations of transmission or attenuated total reflection (ATR) spectroscopy [14,15,16,17,18,19,20]. Promising initial results were also shown for in vivo glucose monitoring in interstitial fluid with a QCL, albeit with short-term measurements using a single-wavelength laser [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They have used either an FTIR spectrometer as a source, which has a low power density, or 2–3 single-wavelength QCLs, which suffers from drift between the lasers. Another recent study showed detection of glucose in saliva in an EC-QCL ATR setup, but the water matrix was evaporated from the sample before measurements and the setup was in free-space [18]. Using a fiber-coupled system would have several advantages, as it simplifies further sensor development in regard to reducing sensor dimensions and portable sensing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infrared Spectroscopy with a Fiber-Coupled Quantum Cascade Laser for Attenuated Total Reflection Measurements Towards Biomedical Applications

Jernelv

Strøm

Hjelme

et al. 2019

Sensors

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The development of rapid and accurate biomedical laser spectroscopy systems in the mid-infrared has been enabled by the commercial availability of external-cavity quantum cascade lasers (EC-QCLs). EC-QCLs are a preferable alternative to benchtop instruments such as Fourier transform infrared spectrometers for sensor development as they are small and have high spectral power density. They also allow for the investigation of multiple analytes due to their broad tuneability and through the use of multivariate analysis. This article presents an in vitro investigation with two fiber-coupled measurement setups based on attenuated total reflection spectroscopy and direct transmission spectroscopy for sensing. A pulsed EC-QCL (1200–900 cm−1) was used for measurements of glucose and albumin in aqueous solutions, with lactate and urea as interferents. This analyte composition was chosen as an example of a complex aqueous solution with relevance for biomedical sensors. Glucose concentrations were determined in both setup types with root-mean-square error of cross-validation (RMSECV) of less than 20 mg/dL using partial least-squares (PLS) regression. These results demonstrate accurate analyte measurements, and are promising for further development of fiber-coupled, miniaturised in vivo sensors based on mid-infrared spectroscopy.

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Infrared spectroscopy based on broadly tunable quantum cascade lasers and polycrystalline diamond waveguides

Abstract: Recently emerging broadly tunable quantum cascade lasers (tQCL) emitting in the mid-infrared (MIR) are a versatile alternative to well established thermal emitters in combination with interferometers as applied in Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.

Cited by 27 publications

References 40 publications

Evaluation of Opportunities and Limitations of Mid-Infrared Skin Spectroscopy for Noninvasive Blood Glucose Monitoring

Evaluation of Opportunities and Limitations of Mid-Infrared Skin Spectroscopy for Noninvasive Blood Glucose Monitoring

Infrared attenuated total reflection spectroscopic surface analysis of bovine‐tail intervertebral discs after UV‐light‐activated riboflavin‐induced collagen cross‐linking

Infrared Spectroscopy with a Fiber-Coupled Quantum Cascade Laser for Attenuated Total Reflection Measurements Towards Biomedical Applications

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