Infrared Studies of “Hard” and “Soft” Woods

Owen, Noel L.; Thomas, D.

doi:10.1366/0003702894202760

Cited by 181 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This approach has been extensively studied (Pandey and Pitman 2003;Li et al, 2011;Shang et al 2013). Different spectrum peaks were studied for holocellulose (cellulose and hemicellulose (Owen and Thomas 1989;Bodîrlau and Teaca 2009;Li et al 2011).…”

Section: Decay Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pine Wood Treated with a Citric Acid and Glycerol Mixture: Biomaterial Performance Improved by a Bio-byproduct

et al. 2016

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Wood material is a good reservoir for biogenic carbon storage. The use of wood material for outdoor products such as siding in the building construction sector presents limits. These limits are bound to the nature of wood material (hygroscopic property and anatomical structure). They are responsible for the dimensional variation associated with moisture content variations. Fungal attacks and coating layers adhesion on wood surface, are other problems. This research investigated the feasibility of impregnation with environmentally friendly chemicals, i.e., a citric acidglycerol mixture (CA-G). The anti-swelling efficiency (ASE), hardness, biodegradation, and coating adhesion tests were performed on softwood specimens. ASE results were up to 53%. The equilibrium moisture content of the treated specimens was less than half of the untreated ones. FTIR spectroscopy showed bands at 1720 to 1750 cm -1 , indicating the presence of ester bonds, and scanning electron microscopy images confirmed the polymerization and condensation of treatment solution inside the wood structure. Hardness and decay resistance were increased; however, treatment reduces coating adhesion. In conclusion, CA-G represents a promising eco-responsible solution for improving the technical performance of outdoor wood products.

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Section: Decay Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pine Wood Treated with a Citric Acid and Glycerol Mixture: Biomaterial Performance Improved by a Bio-byproduct

et al. 2016

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“…In the spectrum of the blank spruce (not irradiated, curve b), the absorption centred at 1507.3 cm -1 is due to lignin, while the weak absorption centered at 1730.7 cm -1 is a polysaccharide vibration (C = O stretch in non-conjugated ketones, carbonyl and ester groups) (Owen and Thomas 1989;Müller et al 2003). The UV irradiation leads to significant changes in the FT-IR spectra of the wood surface without coating (curve c).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

UV-protection of wood surfaces by controlled morphology fine-tuning of ZnO nanostructures

et al. 2016

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Abstract:One of the most significant limitations for a wider utilisation of the renewable and CO 2 -storing resource wood is its low ultraviolet (UV) light stability. The protection of the wood surface without altering its aesthetic appeal requires an optically transparent but UV protective coating which should be strongly attached to the rough and inhomogeneous substrate. For this purpose, ZnO nanostructures were deposited onto the wood surface via a chemical bath deposition process. The morphology of crystalline ZnO was controlled by aluminium nitrate or ammonium citrate in the growth step resulting in nanorod arrays or platelet structures, respectively. Detailed structural, chemical and mechanical characterisations as well as accelerated weathering exposure revealed the effective performance of the platelet structure, which formed a dense and thin ZnO coating on spruce. The total colour change (ΔE in the CIE system) was calculated to be 20.5 for unmodified wood, while it was about three for the modified samples after 4 weeks accelerated weathering test. Moreover, the ZnO coating also suppressed crack initiation and propagation indicating a substantial increase in durability.

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“…The disappearance of the band at 1,738 cm -1 revealed that alkaline treatment cleaved the ester bonds of hemicelluloses, such as acetyl and uronic-ester groups in all of the alkali-treated samples (Sun and Tomkinson, 2002). Two apparent bands were detected in the case of untreated substrates around 1,735 and 1,241 cm -1 attributable to C = O and C-O stretching vibrations at the acetyl ester unit of hemicelluloses (Owen and Thomas, 1989;Chen et al, 1997;Gastaldi et al, 1998;). However, a gradual diminishing of intensities in the two bands in both the hydrothermally and NaOH pretreated substrates was ascribed to the deacetylation with the removal of hemicelluloses.…”

Section: Ft-ir Analysismentioning

confidence: 95%

Evaluation and Selection of Potential Biomass Sources of North-East India towards Sustainable Bioethanol Production

et al. 2017

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Vegetation biomass production in North-East India within Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot is luxuriant and available from April to October to consider their potential for bioethanol production. Potential of six lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) sources; namely, sugarcane bagasse (BG), cassava aerial parts (CS), ficus fruits (Ficus cunia) (FF), "phumdi" (floating biomass), rice straw (RS), and sawdust were investigated for bioethanol production using standard techniques. Morphological and chemical changes were evaluated by Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and quantity of sugars and inhibitors in LCB were determined by High performance liquid chromatography. Hydrothermally treated BG, CS, and FF released 954.54, 1,354.33, and 1,347.94 mg/L glucose and 779.31, 612.27, and 1,570.11 mg/L of xylose, respectively. Inhibitors produced due to effect of hydrothermal pretreatment ranged from 42.8 to 145.78 mg/L acetic acid, below detection level (BDL) to 17.7 µg/L 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, and BDL to 56.78 µg/L furfural. The saccharification efficiency of hydrothermally treated LCB (1.35-28.64%) was significantly higher compared with their native counterparts (0.81-17.97%). Consolidated bioprocessing of the LCB using MTCC 1755 (Fusarium oxysporum) resulted in maximum ethanol concentration of 0.85 g/L and corresponded to 42 mg ethanol per gram of hydrothermally treated BG in 120 h followed by 0.83 g/L corresponding to 41.5 mg/g of untreated CS in 144 h. These ethanol concentrations corresponded to 23.43 and 21.54% of theoretical ethanol yield, respectively. LCB of CS and FF emerged as a suitable material to be subjected to test for enhanced ethanol production in future experiments through efficient fermentative microbial strains, appropriate enzyme loadings, and standardization of other fermentation parameters.

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Infrared Studies of “Hard” and “Soft” Woods

Cited by 181 publications

References 6 publications

Pine Wood Treated with a Citric Acid and Glycerol Mixture: Biomaterial Performance Improved by a Bio-byproduct

Pine Wood Treated with a Citric Acid and Glycerol Mixture: Biomaterial Performance Improved by a Bio-byproduct

UV-protection of wood surfaces by controlled morphology fine-tuning of ZnO nanostructures

Evaluation and Selection of Potential Biomass Sources of North-East India towards Sustainable Bioethanol Production

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