Ingenieurgeologie

Prinz, Helmut; Strauß, Roland

doi:10.1007/978-3-8274-2473-0

Cited by 36 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Stateof-the-art engineering knowledge (i.e., Prinz and Strauss 2006) predicts substantial fractures in walls and structural damage at inclinations of 1:150 and total loss of buildings at 1:20, four times less than our observation. The convex bend of the subsurface (Fig.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 68%

“…This is roughly equivalent to a 0.5 m thick sand layer stretching over an area of 5×8 m, and it is plausible that such an amount of material was washed out. Taking into account that the grain size of the analyzed sand lenses from the outcrops in the excavation are highly sensitive to subsurface transport (Prinz and Strauss 2006) and that given the climate conditions, heavy rainstorms, especially during summer season would not be unusual, repeated internal suffusion, contact suffusion, and finally erosion becomes a feasible cause for damage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Archeoseismic study of damage in Roman and Medieval structures in the center of Cologne, Germany

et al. 2012

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The causes of damage observed in archeological records or preserved monuments are often difficult to be determined unequivocally, particularly when the possibility of secondary earthquake damage exists. Such secondary damage has been previously proposed for the Roman Praetorium, the governor's palace in the center of Cologne. Ongoing excavations since 2007 revealed additional damage. The existing ground that has been uncovered and documented extends the affected area to 175×180 m. We present a comprehensive virtual model of the excavation area based on 200 3D laserscans together with a systematic analysis of the damage patterns and an improved model of the terrain during Roman/Medieval times including geotechnical parameters of the subsurface. Five locations with different damage patterns, including a Roman sewer, the octagonal central part of the Praetorium, a section with strongly inclined massive walls, a 13 m deep deformed well, a collapsed hypocaust, and damages in the Medieval mikveh are analyzed in detail. We use site-specific synthetic strong ground motion seismograms to test the possibility of earthquake-induced ground failures as a cause for the observed damage. This subsurface model is also used to test the possibility of hydraulically-induced damages by seepage and erosion of fine-grained material from stray sand. Heavy rainstorms can induce a direct stream of surface water through the fine sand layers to the ground water table. Simulated ground motion for assumed worst-case earthquake scenarios do not provoke slope instability at the level necessary to explain the structural damages.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Archeoseismic study of damage in Roman and Medieval structures in the center of Cologne, Germany

et al. 2012

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“…The strength of basalt is 178 somewhat lower than that of quartz (Prinz, 1997), and together with the higher rotational velocity and volume this resulted in a rounding and fragmentation of the grains within the experiment duration of 23-37 minutes ( Fig. 180 2d, 2f and 3).…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

Frictional behavior of granular gravel–ice mixtures in vertically rotating drum experiments and implications for rock–ice avalanches

Schneider

Kaitna

Dietrich

et al. 2011

Cold Regions Science and Technology

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Rapid mass movements involving large proportions of ice and snow can travel significantly further downslope than pure rock avalanches and may transform into debris-flows as the ice melts and as water from the stream network or water-saturated debris is incorporated. Currently, ice is thought to have three distinctive effects: 1) reduction of the friction within the moving mass itself, 2) increase of pore pressure as the ice melts and consequent reduction of the shear resistance of the flowing material, and 3) reduction of boundary friction where the failing mass travels on a glacier. However, measurement-based evidence to support these hypotheses is largely missing. In this study, laboratory experiments on the first two mechanisms were carried out in two partially-filled large rotating drums, one in Vienna (Austria) and a second in Berkeley (USA). Varying proportions of cold gravel and gravel-sized ice were mixed and added to the rotating drum running at constant rotational velocity until all ice had melted. Flow behavior was recorded with flow depth, normal force, shear force, pore-water pressure, and temperature sensors. The bulk friction coefficient was found to decrease linearly with increasing ice content by ~ 20% in the early phase of the experiments, before significant portions of the ice transformed into water. For ice contents larger than 40% by volume, the transformation from a dry granular flow to debris-flow-like movement or hyperconcentrated flow was observed when pore-water pressures rose and approached the normal forces along the flow profile. Pore-water pressure from melting ice developed within several minutes after the start of the experiments and, as it increased, progressively reduced the friction coefficient. The results emphasize that the presence of ice in granular moving material can significantly reduce the friction coefficient of both dry and partially-saturated debris. Due to size effects and the absence of other factors reducing friction (e.g. surfaces with low friction and rock comminution), the absolute measured friction coefficients from the laboratory experiments were larger than those found from natural events. However, the relative changes in friction coefficients depending on the ice and water content may also be considered in real-scale hazard assessments of rapid mass movements in high mountain environments. coefficients from the laboratory experiments were larger than those found from natural events. However, the 31 relative changes in friction coefficients depending on the ice and water content may also be considered in real-32 scale hazard assessments of rapid mass movements in high mountain environments. 33

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“…In this study, two FOS calculation methods according to Bishop (1955) and Janbu (1973) were applied. To calculate the FOS values in the two-dimensional model, the mechanical characteristics of the different rock materials were parameterized based on the Mohr-Coulomb theory, which describes responses of rock materials to normal stress and shear stress (e.g., Prinz and Strauß 2006). The boundary conditions of the model were then adjusted to simulate changing reservoir water levels and changes in vertical infiltration rates (Figs.…”

Section: Assessment Of Mass Movement Stability Affected By Water-levementioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of geo-hazards in a rapidly changing landscape: the three Gorges Reservoir Region in China

et al. 2015

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Large dam projects attract worldwide scientific attention due to their environmental impacts and socioeconomic consequences. One prominent example is the Three Gorges Dam (TGD) at the Yangtze River in China. Due to considerable resettlements, large-scale expansion of infrastructure and shifts in land use and management, the TGD project has irreversible impacts on the Upper Yangtze River Basin and strongly challenges the environmental conditions of this fast-developing region. Soil erosion and landslides are major geo-hazards. Knowing the extent and consequences of those geo-hazards for the landscape is essential to predict and evaluate their risk potential and allows for the development of strategies for a sustainable future land use in the Three Gorges Region (TGR). In this context, our research objectives are (1) to better understand the mechanisms of soil erosion, landslides, and diffuse matter fluxes in the TGR and their anthropogenic and environmental control factors, (2) to predict their hazard potential by combining spatial and temporal, scenario-driven high-resolution modeling in combination with multiscale earth observation data, and (3) to develop a multicomponent approach for the assessment and monitoring of geogene structures and processes. The paper describes the workflow of the project and introduces case studies, representing the current state of our research. It is shown that land-use changes as well as the water-level fluctuations of the reservoir are the crucial drivers for the soil erosion and landslide hazard. Furthermore, we present a framework aiming at the establishment of a monitoring and measuring network as well as an early warning system.

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Ingenieurgeologie

Cited by 36 publications

References 0 publications

Archeoseismic study of damage in Roman and Medieval structures in the center of Cologne, Germany

Archeoseismic study of damage in Roman and Medieval structures in the center of Cologne, Germany

Frictional behavior of granular gravel–ice mixtures in vertically rotating drum experiments and implications for rock–ice avalanches

Assessment of geo-hazards in a rapidly changing landscape: the three Gorges Reservoir Region in China

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