Inhibition of Bacterial Adhesion on Nanotextured Stainless Steel 316L by Electrochemical Etching

Abstract

Bacterial adhesion to stainless steel 316L (SS316L), which is an alloy typically used in many medical devices and food processing equipment, can cause serious infections along with substantial healthcare costs. This work demonstrates that nanotextured SS316L surfaces produced by electrochemical etching effectively inhibit bacterial adhesion of both Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, but exhibit cytocompatibility and no toxicity toward mammalian cells in vitro. Additionally, the electrochemical surface modification on SS316L results in formation of superior passive layer at the surface, improving corrosion resistance. The nanotextured SS316L offers significant potential for medical applications based on the surface structure-induced reduction of bacterial adhesion without use of antibiotic or chemical modifications while providing cytocompatibility and corrosion resistance in physiological conditions.

Micro-/Nano-Texturing of Aluminum by Precise Coining for Functional Surface Decoration

“…The current attack by COVID19 teaches us that every man-made part and tool must be anti-bacterial not to make infection to a human being only by touching these parts and tools. Several papers insisted that nano-textured surface decoration by formation of a nanostructured oxide layer was effective to make the titanium part anti-bacterial and to control the bio-activeness of titanium surface by nanotexturing [24][25][26]. Their approach stood on the naturally grown oxide nanostructure; the present surface decoration has a potential to vary the spatial frequency, distribution, and orientation of nanotextures and to control the anti-bacterial surface condition of any material products.…”

Multifunctional Coatings and Nanotopographies: Toward Cell Instructive and Antibacterial Implants

“…Inspired by nature, a number of studies have since been carried out to develop bactericidal nanotopographies on synthetic materials. They include silicon and diamond coated silicon, titanium and its alloy, polymers, stainless steel, and aluminium . Table 3 lists a summary of biomimetic bactericidal surfaces on various materials currently in development.…”

Robust Super-Hydrophobic Coating Prepared by Electrochemical Surface Engineering for Corrosion Protection

“…The bare substrates after electrochemical etching were covered with passive films composed of two-dimensional micro/nano rough structures, which is beneficial to fabricate super-hydrophobic surfaces. Jang et al prepared a nanostructured stainless steel 316L (NT SS316L) surface by electrochemical etching for biomedical applications [80]. The NT SS316L surface showed nanopores with pore diameters between 20-25 nm which inhibited bacterial adhesion (Figure 12a,b).…”