Innovative Perspectives on Biofilm Interactions in Poultry Drinking Water Systems and Veterinary Antibiotics Used Worldwide

Abstract

Prudent use of antibiotics in livestock is widely considered to be important to prevent antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to evaluate the interactions between biofilms and veterinary antibiotics in therapeutic concentrations administrated via drinking water through a standardized experimental setup. In this context, two biofilms formed by pseudomonads (Pseudomonas (P.) aeruginosa or P. fluorescens) and a susceptible Escherichia (E.) coli strain were developed in a nutrient-poor medium on the inner surface of polyvinyl chloride pipe pieces. Subsequently, developing biofilms were exposed to sulfadiazine/trimethoprim (SDZ/TMP) or tylosin A (TYL A) in dosages recommended for application in drinking water for 5 or 7 days, respectively. Various interactions were detected between biofilms and antibiotics. Microbiological examinations revealed that only TYL A reduced the number of bacteria on the surface of the pipes. Additionally, susceptible E. coli survived both antibiotic treatments without observable changes in the minimum inhibitory concentration to 13 relevant antibiotics. Furthermore, as demonstrated by HPLC-UV, the dynamics of SDZ/TMP and TYL A in liquid media differed between the biofilms of both pseudomonads over the exposure period. We conclude that this approach represents an innovative step toward the effective evaluation of safe veterinary antibiotic use.

Integration of water, sanitation, and hygiene program with biosecurity: A One Health approach to reduce the prevalence and exposure of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the livestock community

“…Drinking water for workers on large farms is provided in refillable bottles or bottles. Ensuring water quality involves the addition of chlorine [84] and oxygen peroxide [83] to kill pathogens, as well as the application of antibiotics [96] and organic acids [94] in pipeline systems to maintain health or treat poultry diseases. Further, treatments, such as water heating and iron removal systems [97], are employed for non-piped water sources to promote livestock and human health in surrounding areas.…”

Continuous production and recirculation of plasma‐activated water bubbles under different flow regimes for mixed‐species bacterial biofilm inactivation inside pipelines

“…Aeromonas is also recognized as an important biofilm‐forming waterborne pathogen, commonly prevalent in the DWS (Aravena‐Román et al, 2013; van Der Wielen & Lut, 2016). Biofilm colonization of the DWS (Hahne et al, 2022) serves as a microbial reservoir and increases the load of waterborne pathogens (Mohammed & Attia, 2022). The frequent association of Salmonella in broiler chickens, eggs, and raw poultry meat is a major public health concern and can lead to significant economic losses in the broiler industry (Cosby et al, 2015; de Oliveira et al, 2014).…”