Input Intensification in Food Crops Production and Food Security

Marambe, B.; Jayawardena, Sanjivani; Weerakoon, W. M. W.; Wijewardena, H.V.P.

doi:10.1007/978-981-15-2152-2_10

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However, the increasing popularity of cereals as staple food crops shifted the focus to the development of highyielding varieties, thus sidelining the nutritional quality of the crops [24,25]. The efforts of researchers were focused on developing short stature and fertilizer responsive varieties (compared to traditional tall wheat and rice), which catalyzed a "green revolution" that resulted in a significant jump in crop productivity [26,27]. As a result, the aim of farmers shifted to economical farming to earn more profits through the adoption of mechanization for the cultivation of dwarf wheat and rice varieties, which resulted in a dramatic improvement in food production, especially in China and India [28,29].…”

Section: Green Revolution and Its Effect On Quality Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…tion" that resulted in a significant jump in crop productivity [26,27]. As a result, the aim of farmers shifted to economical farming to earn more profits through the adoption of mechanization for the cultivation of dwarf wheat and rice varieties, which resulted in a dramatic improvement in food production, especially in China and India [28,29].…”

Section: Green Revolution and Its Effect On Quality Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Harnessing the Wild Relatives and Landraces for Fe and Zn Biofortification in Wheat through Genetic Interventions—A Review

et al. 2021

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Micronutrient deficiencies, particularly iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn), in human diets are affecting over three billion people globally, especially in developing nations where diet is cereal-based. Wheat is one of several important cereal crops that provide food calories to nearly one-third of the population of the world. However, the bioavailability of Zn and Fe in wheat is inherently low, especially under Zn deficient soils. Although various fortification approaches are available, biofortification, i.e., development of mineral-enriched cultivars, is an efficient and sustainable approach to alleviate malnutrition. There is enormous variability in Fe and Zn in wheat germplasm, especially in wild relatives, but this is not utilized to the full extent. Grain Fe and Zn are quantitatively inherited, but high-heritability and genetic correlation at multiple locations indicate the high stability of Fe and Zn in wheat. In the last decade, pre-breeding activities have explored the potential of wild relatives to develop Fe and Zn rich wheat varieties. Furthermore, recent advances in molecular biology have improved the understanding of the uptake, storage, and bioavailability of Fe and Zn. Various transportation proteins encoding genes like YSL 2, IRT 1, OsNAS 3, VIT 1, and VIT 2 have been identified for Fe and Zn uptake, transfer, and accumulation at different developing stages. Hence, the availability of major genomic regions for Fe and Zn content and genome editing technologies are likely to result in high-yielding Fe and Zn biofortified wheat varieties. This review covers the importance of wheat wild relatives for Fe and Zn biofortification, progress in genomics-assisted breeding, and transgenic breeding for improving Fe and Zn content in wheat.

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Section: Green Revolution and Its Effect On Quality Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Green Revolution and Its Effect On Quality Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing the Wild Relatives and Landraces for Fe and Zn Biofortification in Wheat through Genetic Interventions—A Review

et al. 2021

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Impact of community-based forest restoration on stand structural attributes, aboveground biomass and carbon stock compared to state-managed forests in tropical ecosystems of Sri Lanka

Ahmad,

Xu,

Ekanayake

2024

PeerJ

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Estimation of plant community composition, aboveground biomass and carbon stock is crucial for understanding forest ecology, strengthening environmental management, and developing effective tools and policies for forest restoration. This study was conducted in nine different forest reserves in Sri Lanka from 2012 to 2018 to examine the impact of community-based forest restoration (CBFR) on stand structural attributes, aboveground biomass, and carbon stock compared to state-managed forests. In total, 180 plots (90 plots in community-managed restoration blocks (CMRBs) and 90 plots assigned to state-managed restoration blocks (SMRBs)) were sampled at the study site. To conduct an inventory of standing trees, circular plots with a radius of 12.6 m (equivalent to an area of 500 square meters) were established. The Shannon diversity index, Allometric equations and Difference in Differences (DID) estimation were used to assess the data. Our study provides evidence of the positive impact of the CBFR program on enriching trees diversity. Considering stand structural attributes of both blocks showed higher trees density in the smaller diameter at breast height (DBH) category, indicating growth in both CMRBs and SMRBs. The results showed that tree biomass and carbon density were disproportionally distributed across the nine different forest reserves. On average, tree biomass and carbon density were higher in SMRBs (79.97 Mg ha−1, 37.58 Mg C ha−1) compared to CMRBs (33.51 Mg ha−1, 15.74 Mg C ha−1). However, CMRBs in Madigala reserve represent the highest biomass (56.53 and 59.92 Mg ha−1) and carbon density (26.57 and 28.16 Mg C ha−1). The results of biomass and carbon estimates were higher in all SMRBs in the nine different forest reserves compared to CMRBs. The findings suggest that future forest restoration programs in Sri Lanka should enhance participatory approaches to optimize tree species diversity, density and carbon storage, particularly in community-controlled forests. Our findings could assist developing tropical nations in understanding how CBFR impacts forest restoration objectives and improves the provision of ecological services within forests.

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Input Intensification in Food Crops Production and Food Security

Cited by 2 publications

References 30 publications

Harnessing the Wild Relatives and Landraces for Fe and Zn Biofortification in Wheat through Genetic Interventions—A Review

Harnessing the Wild Relatives and Landraces for Fe and Zn Biofortification in Wheat through Genetic Interventions—A Review

Impact of community-based forest restoration on stand structural attributes, aboveground biomass and carbon stock compared to state-managed forests in tropical ecosystems of Sri Lanka

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