Microwave-assisted condensation of benzaldehyde (3a,b) with acetone in aqueous sodium hydroxide adsorbed on basic alumina provides phenylbutenone (4a-4b) in 68-71% yield within 4 min, which upon further reduction with sodium borohydride and basic alumina gives phenylbutenol (5a,b) in 91-94% yield within 2 min. Dehydration of 5 with anhydrous copper (II) sulfate gives phenylbutadiene (1a,b), a metabolite of Zingiber cassumunar, within 3 min in 42-48% yield, respectively. All the steps involve environmental friendly solvents and reagents, mild reaction conditions, and overall formation of product 1a,b from 3a,b in 34-38% yield within 9 min under microwave irradiation.A large number of methoxylated phenylbutanoids have been isolated form plants sources [1] that exhibit promising biological activities [2], including modifiers in flavor and perfumery formulations [3]. Moreover, these phenylbutanoids are also employed as simple starting materials for synthesis of various organic compounds, including natural products [4]. E-4-(2′,4′,5′-trimethoxyphenyl)buta-1,3-diene (1a) and (E)-4-(3′,4′-dimethoxyphenyl)but-1-ene (1b), metabolites of Zingiber cassumunar [5], are two such important phenylbutenes, which are known to possess numerous pharmacological activities such as antiinflammatory [6], antioxidant [7], insecticidal [8], and, most importantly, hypolipidemic [9] activities. However, both 1a and 1b are isolated together in minute amounts and their separation from each other is reported to be difficult even by preparative TLC [5]. There are a few methods reported for the synthesis of these all important 1a and 1b which include multistep synthesis employing the Grignard [4] reaction, Friedel-Crafts [10] reaction, Wittig [5] reaction, and aldol condensation [11] etc. However, maintenance of anhydrous conditions, use of expensive and highly acidic catalyst, and prolonged reaction times affects the viability of all these methods. Furthermore, use of a large amount of solvents in conventional methods is neither economically nor environmentally benign. Microwave induced Organic Reaction Enhancement [12] (MORE chemistry) has created a lot of interest in the organic chemistry due to less solvent consumption, higher yields, more selectivity, mild reaction conditions, easier work-up, and rapid synthesis as compared to conventional heating. Furthermore, "dry media" synthesis using inorganic solid supports coupled with microwave irradiation have attracted significant interest worldwide, and many such microwave-assisted synthesis with solid mineral supports [13] such as alumina, silica gel, and clays have been reported with higher selectivity, yield, and purity as compared to the traditional methods. We, in this regard, report a microwave-mediated simple and efficient protocol for the synthesis of natural bioactive phenylbutanoids 1a and 1b in three steps as outlined in Scheme 1.As an endeavor towards synthesis of rare bioactive molecules [14] employing microwave irradiation, we initially decided to synthesize 1a, taking 2,4,5-trim...