Insecticidal effect of Jatropha curcas L. seed oil on Callosobruchus maculatus Fab and Bruchidius atrolineatus Pic (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) on stored cowpea seeds (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) in Niger

Abstract

We report the insecticidal efficacy of Jatropha curcas seed oil against two bruchid beetle species, Callosobruchus maculatus Fab and Bruchidius atrolineatus Pic, devastating stored cowpea seeds (Vigna unguiculata). J. curcas oil concentrations ranging from 0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 ml were mixed with 200 g of cowpea seeds before introduction of 10 pairs (5 males and 5 females) of C. maculatus or B. atrolineatus as the case may be. Mortality, fecundity and rate of emergence were observed and compared with untreated control and a standard (Deltamethrin). J. curcas oil reduced adult survival in both species, B. atrolineatus being more sensitive than C. maculatus. Oviposition was also reduced by 85 to 90% in the females of both species after exposure to 2.5 ml of J. curcas oil solution. Only 9% of C. maculatus nymphs emerged as adults in seeds treated with 2.5 ml of oil. In B. atrolineatus, emergence was reduced to 12% in seeds treated with 1.5 ml of oil.

Phytochemical Composition and Insecticidal Property of Native Plants against the Cowpea Weevil <i>Callosobruchus maculatus</i> Fab. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) for Natural Preservation of Cowpea Seeds

“…Cassia nigricans powder was found to be more effective at all doses. Our results conform to those of [24] and [25] whose results show a difference between the extracts. Authors [26] and [27] attested that treatments based on essential oils of plants considerably inhibit the egg laying of females of C. maculatus.…”

Insecticidal activity of some botanical extracts against legume flower thrips and legume pod borer on cowpea Vigna unguiculata L. Walp

“…Sabbour and Abd-El-Raheem (2013) informed that Jatropha curcas oil deterred oviposition and adversely influence fecundity of Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) and Callosobruchus chinensis (L.). Similarly Habou et al (2014) reported that J. curcas seeds' oil was toxic to the adults of C. maculatus and Bruchidius atrolineatus and reduced adult survival and oviposition by 85 to 90% in the females of both species.…”