Insoluble dietary fibers: structure, metabolism, interactions with human microbiome, and role in gut homeostasis

Baky, Mostafa H.; Salah, Mohamed Ben; Ezzelarab, Nada M.; Shao, Ping; Elshahed, Mostafa S.; Farag, Mohamed A.

doi:10.1080/10408398.2022.2119931

Cited by 36 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…Our findings align with recent in vitro studies showing that beneficial butyrogenic bacteria in Firmicutes preferentially use insoluble substrates to support their energy needs. 44,45 Additionally, insoluble fiber may affect the gut microbiota composition via other mechanisms, such as fecal bulking effect, 46 which can reduce the amount of time available for gut bacterial fermentation of nondigested foodstuff and stimulate bacterial growth. 46 On the other hand, soluble fiber can be metabolized by gut bacteria efficiently, which produces many beneficial metabolites and, thus, offers health benefits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota and Blood Metabolites Related to Fiber Intake and Type 2 Diabetes

Wang,

Peters,

et al. 2024

Circulation Research

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BACKGROUND: Consistent evidence suggests diabetes-protective effects of dietary fiber intake. However, the underlying mechanisms, particularly the role of gut microbiota and host circulating metabolites, are not fully understood. We aimed to investigate gut microbiota and circulating metabolites associated with dietary fiber intake and their relationships with type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS: This study included up to 11 394 participants from the HCHS/SOL (Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos). Diet was assessed with two 24-hour dietary recalls at baseline. We examined associations of dietary fiber intake with gut microbiome measured by shotgun metagenomics (350 species/85 genera and 1958 enzymes; n=2992 at visit 2), serum metabolome measured by untargeted metabolomics (624 metabolites; n=6198 at baseline), and associations between fiber-related gut bacteria and metabolites (n=804 at visit 2). We examined prospective associations of serum microbial-associated metabolites (n=3579 at baseline) with incident T2D over 6 years. RESULTS: We identified multiple bacterial genera, species, and related enzymes associated with fiber intake. Several bacteria (eg, Butyrivibrio , Faecalibacterium ) and enzymes involved in fiber degradation (eg, xylanase EC3.2.1.156) were positively associated with fiber intake, inversely associated with prevalent T2D, and favorably associated with T2D-related metabolic traits. We identified 159 metabolites associated with fiber intake, 47 of which were associated with incident T2D. We identified 18 of these 47 metabolites associated with the identified fiber-related bacteria, including several microbial metabolites (eg, indolepropionate and 3-phenylpropionate) inversely associated with the risk of T2D. Both Butyrivibrio and Faecalibacterium were associated with these favorable metabolites. The associations of fiber-related bacteria, especially Faecalibacterium and Butyrivibrio , with T2D were attenuated after further adjustment for these microbial metabolites. CONCLUSIONS: Among United States Hispanics/Latinos, dietary fiber intake was associated with favorable profiles of gut microbiota and circulating metabolites for T2D. These findings advance our understanding of the role of gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in the relationship between diet and T2D.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota and Blood Metabolites Related to Fiber Intake and Type 2 Diabetes

Wang,

Peters,

et al. 2024

Circulation Research

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“…Pectin is an example of a water-insoluble fiber that functions as a food that is good for the health of the gut microbiota (Baky et al, 2022). Citrus peel, which is abundant in pectin, is a great way of extracting it and using it as a gelling agent in meat, baked goods, and confections.…”

Section: Food Additivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration of novel eco-friendly techniques to utilize bioactive compounds from household food waste: special reference to food applications

Siddique,

Ali,

Arshad

et al. 2024

Front. Food. Sci. Technol.

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The issue of household waste management is a pervasive global concern. Household waste, especially food waste, comprises a reservoir of compounds with potential economic value, among which bioactive compounds prominently feature. These bioactive compounds, derived from natural chemical substances inherent in waste from animal and protein sources, offer nutritional benefits. Extracted bioactive compounds find versatile applications in various domains including textiles, cosmetics, nutraceuticals, food additives, and the agriculture sector. The extraction of such compounds is achieved through a diversity of techniques, including conventional methods alongside non-conventional green approaches such as extraction methods using enzymes, microwaves, or supercritical fluids. However, there is an increasing need for green and sustainable approaches, leading to bioactive-rich extracts with low environmental impact. This review thoroughly summarizes the origins, kinds, and characteristics of bioactive chemicals found in food waste. It also addresses the most promising and innovative methodologies for the recovery of functional bioactive compounds from waste materials that have been published recently. New technologies can meaningfully manage materials from household food waste. These bioactive compounds are valuable for food industrial applications.

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“…There are many forms of fiber, and the major classes are fiber soluble in water, including pectin and inulin, and fiber insoluble in water, including cellulose which is less readily fermented by the gut bacteria. Although very little cellulose can be fermented in the gut, it does play a critical role in maintaining colonic health [42].…”

Section: Effects Of Dietary Fiber On the Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary approaches for normalizing dysbiosis induced by high-fat, obesogenic diets

Djurić¹

2023

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition &Amp; Metabolic Care

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Purpose of reviewGiven the world-wide problem of obesity, this review considers what types of dietary changes can be utilized to minimize the adverse effects of an obesogenic diet on the intestinal microbiota.Recent findingsIn rodents fed high-fat diets containing lard or Western blend fats to induce obesity, switching to high-fat diets formulated to contain higher amounts of fiber or fiber-containing foods, plant extracts, omega-3 fatty acids or whole grains has beneficial effects on body weight, metabolic alterations, and the intestinal microbiota. Several studies show that the intestinal microbiota has a role in mediating the beneficial health effects of these dietary factors. Many aspects of the microbiota observed in animals when healthful dietary components were added to the feed have also been observed in humans who follow healthful dietary patterns.SummaryThe data shows that specific foods and macronutrients can normalize the obesity-associated microbiota and improve metabolic health. These findings support the design of dietary interventions that would allow individuals to focus on diet quality independently of weight loss to mitigate the adverse sequelae of obesity.

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Insoluble dietary fibers: structure, metabolism, interactions with human microbiome, and role in gut homeostasis

Cited by 36 publications

References 96 publications

Gut Microbiota and Blood Metabolites Related to Fiber Intake and Type 2 Diabetes

Gut Microbiota and Blood Metabolites Related to Fiber Intake and Type 2 Diabetes

Exploration of novel eco-friendly techniques to utilize bioactive compounds from household food waste: special reference to food applications

Dietary approaches for normalizing dysbiosis induced by high-fat, obesogenic diets

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