Instrumentos de evaluación de la conducta adaptativa en personas con discapacidad intelectual

Abstract

UCMaule-Revista Académica N°55-Diciembre 2018 pág. 10 RESUMEN Con respecto a la discapacidad intelectual, las investigaciones más recientes evidencian la importancia de una adecuada evaluación diagnóstica, considerando tres criterios: limitaciones significativas en coeficiente intelectual, conducta adaptativa y sintomatología antes de los 18 años. Es el segundo criterio, las conductas adaptativas, el que ha tomado mayor relevancia en los últimos años. Por ello, el objetivo de este artículo de revisión teórica es proporcionar una síntesis bibliográfica actualizada con los principales hallazgos con respecto a los instrumentos de evaluación para medir la conducta adaptativa en personas con discapacidad intelectual. La muestra se obtuvo a partir de una búsqueda de artículos de los últimos 10 años en el metabuscador EBSCOhost, utilizando las palabras claves: adaptive behavior, intellectual disability y evaluation. Los resultados se presentan a través de gráficos y tablas síntesis de cada investigación, para finalmente detallar los principales descubrimientos. A modo de análisis, se genera una discusión acerca de la relevancia de evaluar la conducta adaptativa en individuos con discapacidad intelectual para generar un plan de apoyo acorde a sus necesidades individuales.

Intellectual Disability in the Learning of Students of General Basic Education and General Unified Baccalaureate

“…The third dimension of health is related to the limitations of biological, psychological, spiritual and mental well-being. The fifth dimension comprises the limitations to performing social roles, and the fifth dimension comprises the limitations to interacting in the environment where they live and the family environment, For Gutiérrez et al (2018), adaptive behavior is an element to consider when evaluating an intellectual disability since it includes the skills learned by each person to function in everyday life, so the presence of intellectual limitations can affect the daily activities and those performed in the environment where they function, the observation of these adaptive behaviors allow to have a precise diagnosis and consider the timely application of standardized tests for the population in which people with or without disabilities are included. In addition, the evaluation instruments allow the identification of conceptual, social and practical limitations.…”

Tele-education and adaptive behavior with autism spectrum disorder, in children from 1 to 5 years old

“…According to Paz Fernández Suárez et al, (2021)adaptive behavior in children with ASD can generate a stressful environment, resulting in a difficult upbringing for parents and caregivers, increasing the risk of diseases, lowering the immune system, and exposing them to possible accidents. The adaptive behavior reflects a compliance to carry out these significant diagnoses, evidencing a maximum performance of the person with instruments capable of quantifying if it is correct and effective, but when this process is verified, often labeling (Gutierrez Zuñiga, 2018). In Quito, autism has developed over time due to ongoing research.…”