Insulin, adiponectin, IGFBP‐1 levels and body composition in small for gestational age born non‐obese children during prepubertal ages

Sancakli, Ozlem; Darendelıler, Feyza; Baş, Firdevs; Gökçay, Gülbin; Dişçi, Rian; Aki, Semih; Eskiyurt, Nurten

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2007.03138.x

Cited by 30 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In addition, serum insulin concentrations were significantly lower and there was a trend for lower HOMA-IR in the SGA than AGA children, which was explained by their lower BMI. However, there are other studies showing higher fasting insulin levels also in those SGA children who are thinner than their controls [20]. Interestingly, HOMA-IR was also significantly lower in the LGA than AGA girls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Growth and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Prepubertal Children Born Large or Small for Gestational Age

Nordman

Voutilainen²,

Laitinen³

et al. 2015

Horm Res Paediatr

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Background: Both large and small birth sizes are associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular and metabolic problems later in life. We studied whether such associations can be observed at prepubertal age. Methods: A cohort of 49 large (LGA), 56 appropriate (AGA), and 23 small for gestational age (SGA)-born children (age range 5-8 years) were studied. Being born SGA, AGA, or LGA was the exposure, and being overweight at prepubertal age was the main outcome. Blood pressure measurements, laboratory parameters, and whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry were secondary outcomes. Results: The LGA-born children were significantly taller than the AGA controls (p = 0.03), and the SGA children were lighter and shorter compared to the AGA (p = 0.002 and 0.001) and LGA children (p < 0.001). The mean plasma glucose was higher in the LGA than in the SGA group (p = 0.006). Being born LGA (OR 3.82) and the ponderal index Z-score at birth (OR 4.24) were strong predictors for being overweight or obese in childhood. Conclusion: The children born LGA remained taller and heavier than those born AGA or SGA in mid-childhood, and they had a higher body mass index and body fat percentage than the SGA-born children. The differences in other cardiometabolic risk factors were minimal between the birth size groups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Growth and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Prepubertal Children Born Large or Small for Gestational Age

Nordman

Voutilainen²,

Laitinen³

et al. 2015

Horm Res Paediatr

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“…By contrast, two previous studies demonstrated lower adiponectin concentrations in IUGR and proposed that this down-regulation may be a predisposing factor for later development of insulin resistance/metabolic syndrome (110,111). Interestingly, in support of this view, adiponectin levels in IUGR children were particularly low in those who showed postnatal catch-up growth, compared with the levels in IUGR children who remained small during childhood (112,113). This may indicate that the low adiponectin levels in IUGR infants may actually predict the subsequent development of visceral fat and insulin resistance (112).…”

Section: Adiponectin In Iugrmentioning

confidence: 85%

Intrauterine growth restriction and adult disease: the role of adipocytokines

Briana¹,

Malamitsi‐Puchner²

2009

European Journal of Endocrinology

126

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Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is the failure of the fetus to achieve his/her intrinsic growth potential, due to anatomical and/or functional disorders and diseases in the feto-placental-maternal unit. IUGR results in significant perinatal and long-term complications, including the development of insulin resistance/metabolic syndrome in adulthood.The thrifty phenotype hypothesis holds that intrauterine malnutrition leads to an adaptive response that alters the fetal metabolic and hormonal milieu designed for intrauterine survival. This fetal programming predisposes to an increased susceptibility for chronic diseases. Although the mechanisms controlling intrauterine growth are poorly understood, adipose tissue may play an important role in linking poor fetal growth to the subsequent development of adult diseases. Adipose tissue secretes a number of hormones, called adipocytokines, important in modulating metabolism and recently involved in intrauterine growth.This review aims to summarize reported findings concerning the role of adipocytokines (leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-6 (IL6), visfatin, resistin, apelin) in early life, while attempting to speculate mechanisms through which differential regulation of adipocytokines in IUGR may influence the risk for development of chronic diseases in later life.

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“…In fact, insulin level was one of the major determinants of ghrelin levels in our study. We, along with other investigators, have shown that SGA born children may have higher insulin levels in early childhood in spite of normal BMI levels (20,(26)(27)(28), and it has been shown that ghrelin has inverse correlation with insulin (5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated ghrelin levels in preterm born children during prepubertal ages and relationship with catch-up growth

Darendelıler

Baş²,

Bundak³

et al. 2008

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Background: Ghrelin, the natural ligand of the GH secretagogue receptor, has potent orexigenic effect. Ghrelin levels are negatively associated with insulin secretion, increased in anorexia, and reduced in obesity. Increased ghrelin levels may be associated with early postnatal growth in preterm born children. Objective: Aim of this study was to evaluate ghrelin and insulin levels at prepubertal ages in preterm born children born appropriate for gestational age (AGA) or small for gestational age (SGA) and relationships with catch-up growth (CUG) in a prospective cross-sectional study. Methods: Eighty-four preterm born children grouped as preterm SGA (nZ28) and preterm AGA (nZ56) were evaluated at age 4.7G0.2 and 4.7G0.1 years with respect to their ghrelin and insulin levels. Their data were compared with that of body mass index matched term SGA (nZ35) and term AGA (nZ44) children of age 4.6G0.2 and 3.8G0.1 years. All children had height appropriate for their target height. CUG was defined as the difference between birth size and recent size and expressed as D height and D weight SDS. Results: Preterm SGA and preterm AGA children had similar ghrelin levels (1717.0G166.9 and 1656.5G103.8 pg/ml), although D height and D weight SDS in preterm SGA were significantly higher than in preterm AGA children (P!0.001). Ghrelin levels in both preterm groups were higher than term SGA (469.2G132.5 pg/ml) and term AGA children (659.6G143.3 pg/ml; P!0.001 for all). D Height and D weight SDS of the term SGA children were similar to that of preterm SGA children. Ghrelin did not have correlation with CUG but had inverse correlation with recent anthropometric indices. Insulin was significantly higher in term SGA children than other groups (P!0.001). Conclusions: Preterm children have higher ghrelin levels at prepubertal ages regardless of the magnitude of their CUG. Term SGA children, on the other hand, behave differently and have lower ghrelin levels than preterm children at prepubertal ages, which may be related to elevated insulin levels in this group.

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Insulin, adiponectin, IGFBP‐1 levels and body composition in small for gestational age born non‐obese children during prepubertal ages

Abstract: SGA children with CUG and with no obesity have higher insulin levels compared to AGA children. Both SGA birth and recent size seem to have an effect on serum adiponectin levels in childhood.

Cited by 30 publications

References 34 publications

Growth and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Prepubertal Children Born Large or Small for Gestational Age

Growth and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Prepubertal Children Born Large or Small for Gestational Age

Intrauterine growth restriction and adult disease: the role of adipocytokines

Elevated ghrelin levels in preterm born children during prepubertal ages and relationship with catch-up growth

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