Integrated Algorithm for Selecting the Location and Control of Energy Storage Units to Improve the Voltage Level in Distribution Grids

Abstract

This paper refers to the issue that mainly appears in distribution grids, where renewable energy sources (RES) are widely installed. In such grids, one of the main problems is the coordination of energy production time with demand time, especially if photovoltaic energy sources are present. To face this problem, battery energy storage units (ESU) can be installed. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to optimizing the use of ESU. This paper contains a simple description of available solutions for the application of ESU as well as an original proposal for selecting the optimal location and control of ESU. The ESU selection method is based on the use of a genetic algorithm and the ESU control method utilizes the fuzzy logic. The combination of the aforementioned methods/algorithms of ESU application is named an integrated algorithm. The performance of the proposed algorithm was validated by multivariate computer simulations with the use of the real low-voltage grid model. The DIgSILENT PowerFactory environment was employed to develop the simulation model of the integrated algorithm. The proposal was utilized to improve the voltage level in the distribution grid and to install the optimal number of ESU. Based on daily load variations for selected load profiles, it was shown that after the ESU application the voltage deviations in the analyzed network were significantly limited. Moreover, the analysis proves that both the location of ESU in the grid and the control of their active and reactive power are important from the point of view of reducing overall costs.

Modelling Long-Term Transition from Coal-Reliant to Low-Emission Power Grid and District Heating Systems in Poland

“…These policies force the use of sources that apply low-and zero-emission technologies, including those based on renewable energy resources, often with uncontrolled variability of power generation [8]. The implementation of, e.g., solar technologies is therefore a considerable challenge, as the power system operator must maintain power system stability [9] and tackle voltage issues [10]. In order to be able to balance the power systems at all times and meet energy quality standards, sources of various types of operation must be installed.…”

Voltage Variations and Their Reduction in a Rural Low-Voltage Network with PV Sources of Energy

“…This solution has been heavily analyzed in recent years. There are many publications on this subject, including [25][26][27][28][29]. It should be noted here that the cost of this solution is high.…”

Voltage Profiles Improvement in a Power Network with PV Energy Sources—Results of a Voltage Regulator Implementation

“…Some publications [9][10][11] considered the use of energy storage devices in order to optimize power flows and thus influence the voltage level in the network. The weak point of this solution is a relatively high cost of the devices, and their durability is not long.…”