Integrated Circuit Cooling Using Heterogeneous Micropin-Fin Arrays for Nonuniform Power Maps

Sarvey, Thomas E.; Hu, Yuanchen; Green, Craig E.; Kottke, Peter A.; Woodrum, David C.; Joshi, Yogendra; Fedorov, Andrei G.; Sitaraman, Suresh K.; Bakir, Muhannad S.

doi:10.1109/tcpmt.2017.2704525

Cited by 38 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…As a result, an additional viscous loss associated with the secondary roughness may be introduced. To date, most superfast wicking phenomena have been realized on hierarchical structures of metallic substrates composing of micrometer-scale primary structures and nanoscale secondary roughness. ,− Recently, the development of advanced silicon-based thermal management technology has brought forward greater requirement of optimized wicking structures for silicon substrates. , In this study, nanopores rather than nanowires are tested as the second level of roughness to the microstructured surface of silicon. We expect that nanopores, as opposed to nanowires, will not narrow the liquid channels so that a droplet may not experience the significant viscous loss associated with the additional roughness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,16−18 Recently, the development of advanced silicon-based thermal management technology has brought forward greater requirement of optimized wicking structures for silicon substrates. 19,20 In this study, nanopores rather than nanowires are tested as the second level of roughness to the microstructured surface of silicon. We expect that nanopores, as opposed to nanowires, will not narrow the liquid channels so that a droplet may not experience the significant viscous loss associated with the additional roughness.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Superwicking on Nanoporous Micropillared Surfaces

Zheng

Choi

Sun

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Engineering surfaces with excellent wicking properties is of critical importance to a wide range of applications. Here, we report a facile method to create superhydrophilic nanoporous micropillared surfaces of silicon and their applicability to superwicking. Nanopores with a good control of the pore depth are realized over the entire surface of three-dimensional micropillar structures by electrochemical etching in hydrofluoric acid. After rinsing in hydrogen peroxide, the nanoporous micropillared surface shows superhydrophilicity with the superwicking effect. The entire spreading process of a water droplet on the superhydrophilic nanoporous micropillared surface is completed in less than 50 ms, with an average velocity of 91.2 mm/s, which is significantly faster than the other wicking surfaces reported. Owing to the presence of nanopores on the micropillar array, the wicking dynamics is distinct from the surfaces decorated only by micropillar arrays. The spreading dynamics of a water droplet shows two distinct processes simultaneously, including the capillary penetration between micropillars and the capillary imbibition into the nanopore’s interior. The wicking dynamics can be described by the two stages separated by the time when the contact line starts to recede. The transition between the two wicking regimes is due to the increasing effect of the imbibition of the bulk droplet by the nanopores. While a similar transition of the wicking dynamics is shown on the surfaces with different pore depths, the nanopore structure with a greater depth causes a greater amount of imbibition to slow down the spreading and promote superwicking.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superwicking on Nanoporous Micropillared Surfaces

Zheng

Choi

Sun

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Researchers firstly designed the heat sinks with a fixed special structure to enhance the targeted cooling of the predicted hotspots according to the initial transistors' integration on the chip. [21][22][23] For example, the micro heat sink with variable pin fin clustering is designed for the targeted cooling of the predicted hotspots. 21 Similarly, other works have also been done to remove the uneven heat flux generation by varying the fin density in the microchannel heat sinks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatically adaptive cooling of hotspots by a fractal microchannel heat sink embedded with thermo‐responsive hydrogels

Yan

et al. 2021

Intl J of Energy Research

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A smart fractal microchannel heat sink (SFMHS) integrated with thermoresponsive hydrogels is developed for the randomly distributed hotspots sensing and adaptive cooling of microelectronic devices. The equally distributed thermo-responsive hydrogels can firstly sense the temperature rise caused by random hotspots and then work as microfluidic valves to reallocate the coolant by its adaptive thermo-shrinkage. The CFD numerical results show that the proposed SFMHS presents lower and more uniform temperature distribution than FMHS under hotspots conditions. The maximum temperature rise, heat source temperature difference, and heat source temperature SD of SFMHS are 4.47, 4.28, and 0.97 K lower than FMHS at the HSB heat flux of 400 W/cm 2 , respectively. The adaptive cooling superiority of SFMHS gets enhanced with the increase of the hotspots area and heat flux density because more hydrogels shrink, and more flow gets reallocated for hotspot-targeted cooling. However, too low (HSA,400 W/cm 2 ) or too high (HSC, 300 W/cm 2 ) hotspots conditions would result in the worse hotspot cooling of SFMHS with no adaptive flow reallocation because all hydrogels are at the same initial or shrunken sates. Meanwhile, SFMHS is more effective to sense and cooling the hotspots that are closer to hydrogels.

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Three-Dimensional Computational Investigation of Novel Pin Fin Heat Sinks

Kalra¹,

Arora²

2022

Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering

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Integrated Circuit Cooling Using Heterogeneous Micropin-Fin Arrays for Nonuniform Power Maps

Cited by 38 publications

References 23 publications

Superwicking on Nanoporous Micropillared Surfaces

Superwicking on Nanoporous Micropillared Surfaces

Automatically adaptive cooling of hotspots by a fractal microchannel heat sink embedded with thermo‐responsive hydrogels

Three-Dimensional Computational Investigation of Novel Pin Fin Heat Sinks

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