Integrated management of major wheat diseases in Brazil: an example for the Southern Cone region of Latin America

Mehta, Y. R.; Riede, Carlos Roberto; Campos, L. A. C.; Kohli, Man Mohan

doi:10.1016/0261-2194(92)90168-5

Cited by 56 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…& Henn., pode ser encontrada nas diferentes regiões que cultivam o trigo no Brasil, acarretando, ocasionalmente, prejuízos severos (27). Barcellos & Ignaczak (2) relataram perdas de 50% no rendimento de grãos devido a essa doença no Rio Grande do Sul, e severas perdas no Paraná também foram mencionadas por Mehta et al (20). Não são raras as vezes em que a extrema suscetibilidade da cultivar inviabiliza seu cultivo (3).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…In Sorok.) é considerada uma das doenças mais danosas para a cultura do trigo (20), chegando a acarretar perdas de 20 a 80% no rendimento desse cereal (5,18,21). Sob condições muito favoráveis, a doença ocorre durante todo o ciclo da cultura (18).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Quanto mais avançada a idade da folha bandeira maior a suscetibilidade da cultura a esse patógeno (29 (12). O manejo das doenças do trigo preconiza a adoção simultânea de várias práticas como a utilização de cultivares resistentes e/ou precoces, o plantio em época adequada, especialmente para evitar danos causados pelas ferrugens e oídio, práticas culturais e a aplicação de fungicidas (20,23). O controle químico é recomendável para culturas bem conduzidas e com alto potencial produtivo (17,22), mas pode ter um importante papel na garantia da produtividade da cultura, desde que empregado com critério, dentro de um contexto que considera o ciclo biológico do patógeno, o comportamento das cultivares e as condições ambientais (13,23).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…O controle químico é recomendável para culturas bem conduzidas e com alto potencial produtivo (17,22), mas pode ter um importante papel na garantia da produtividade da cultura, desde que empregado com critério, dentro de um contexto que considera o ciclo biológico do patógeno, o comportamento das cultivares e as condições ambientais (13,23). As epidemias de doenças foliares iniciadas antes da emergência da folha bandeira geralmente têm maior impacto sobre a produção e as recomendações de controle, visando minimizar as perdas, sugerem que sejam realizadas aplicações logo após o aparecimento dos primeiros sintomas (4,9,20,23).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Resposta de cultivares de trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) ao controle químico das principais doenças fúngicas da cultura

2006

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Leaf rust, leaf spot or brown spot and powdery mildew, caused by Puccinia recondita tritici, Bipolaris sorokiniana and Blumeria graminis tritici, respectively, are wheat diseases that may severely decrease crop yield. Several practices are recommended for the control of these diseases such as cultivar resistance, planting at a suitable time, and chemical control, without which the crop frequently becomes uneconomical. The objective of the present work was to evaluate, under field conditions, the response of six wheat cultivars, IAC 24, IAC 289, IAC 350, IAC 362, IAC 364 and IAC 370, in four experiments, carried out from 2000 to 2003 at Capão Bonito, State of São Paulo, Brazil. The experiments were set out in a randomized block design with four replications, and analyzed as a 2 x 6 factorial, being fungicide treatment (with and without) the factor 1 and cultivar the factor 2. Severity of the diseases was graded in a scale that ranged from 0 to 9, (0 = without symptoms and 9 > 60% of the foliar area foram realizados em delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com 4 repetições, e analisados, a cada ano, em esquema fatorial, 2 x 6, sendo fungicida o fator 1 (com e sem) e cultivar o fator 2. As pulverizações, duas ou três, foram iniciadas quando a ferrugem-da-folha atingiu entre 10 e 15% de incidência, e repetidas após aproximadamente 15 dias. Avaliou-se a severidade das doenças por meio de uma escala de notas, que variou de 0 a 9 sendo 0 -ausência de sintomas e 9 maior que 60 % de área de tecido foliar afetado pelas doenças, além do peso de mil sementes (PMS) e do rendimento. O oídio foi encontrado apenas em 2000, a ferrugem-da-folha em todos os anos em elevados índices de severidade (30 a 60% de área foliar afetada) e a helmintosporiose Barros, B.C.; Castro, J.L.; Patrício, F.R.A. Resposta de cultivares de trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) ao controle químico das principais doenças fúngicas da cultura.

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Section: Introductionunclassified

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Resposta de cultivares de trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) ao controle químico das principais doenças fúngicas da cultura

2006

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“…Besides genetic resistance, the avoidance of early dates of seeding and chemical control at heading stage can help reduce the disease severity (Mehta et al 1992). Fungicidal seed treatments help in eliminating the seed-borne infection but do not protect the plant from spike infection.…”

Section: Integrated Control Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyricularia blast - a threat to wheat cultivation

Kohli¹,

Mehta²,

Rodríguez-Guzmán³

et al. 2011

Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed.

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180

181

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Wheat blast disease caused by Pyricularia grisea (telemorph Magnaporthe grisea) has become a serious restriction on increasing the area and production of the crop, especially in the tropical parts of the Southern Cone Region of South America. First identified in 1985 in the State of Paraná in Brazil, it has become an endemic disease in the low lying Santa Cruz region of Bolivia, south and south-eastern Paraguay, and central and southern Brazil in recent years. Severe infections have also been observed in the summer planted wheat crop in north-eastern Argentina. So far, only sporadic infections have been seen in Uruguay, especially during the wet and warm years. Spike infection (often confused with Fusarium head blight infection) is the most notable symptom of the disease and capable of causing over 40% production losses. However, under severe infection, the loss of production can be almost complete in susceptible varieties. Wheat blast is mainly a spike disease but can also produce lesions on all the above ground parts of the plant under certain conditions. Depending upon the point of the infection on the rachis, the disease can kill the spike partially or fully. The infected portion of the spike dries out without producing any grain which can be visibly distinguished from the healthy portion. While virulence diversity in the fungus has been reported in the literature and is under further exploration, genetic resistance in the host species has been more difficult to identify. Earlier, Brazilian cultivars such as BH 1146, CNT 8, several IAC and OCEPAR selections were credited as demonstrating different levels of field resistance, but this was not confirmed under artificial inoculation studies. However, other cultivars such as BR18, IPR 85, CD 113, have shown moderate levels of resistance over the years in many locations. Recently, several cultivars and advanced lines derived from the CIMMYT line, Milan, have been observed to carry a high level of resistance to blast disease throughout the endemic region. However, to date, the genetic basis of this resistance is not very clear due to extreme variation in the pathogen. Cultivars showing complete resistance against a few isolates under controlled conditions in the glasshouse, may or may not show field resistance in commercial cultivation. Due to an increase of the area under Milan based resistant wheat cultivars in Bolivia, Brazil and Paraguay, it needs to be combined with other sources of resistance urgently to prevent the selection of a virulent pathotype in the fungus. Besides genetic resistance, avoidance of early dates of seeding and chemical control can reduce the disease severity. Fungicides combining triazols with strobilurins can, under some situations, be effective in disease control at the heading stage. Even when all components of integrated disease management of wheat blast are not in place yet, it is seen as an essential strategy to reduce production losses in this region. Given the threat that the blast disease may pose to world wheat growin...

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Magnaporthe oryzae and Its Pathotypes: A Potential Plant Pandemic Threat to Global Food Security

2022

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Integrated management of major wheat diseases in Brazil: an example for the Southern Cone region of Latin America

Cited by 56 publications

References 6 publications

Resposta de cultivares de trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) ao controle químico das principais doenças fúngicas da cultura

Resposta de cultivares de trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) ao controle químico das principais doenças fúngicas da cultura

Pyricularia blast - a threat to wheat cultivation

Magnaporthe oryzae and Its Pathotypes: A Potential Plant Pandemic Threat to Global Food Security

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