Ultrasensitive
and accurate monitoring of ultralow-level biomarkers
is imperiously needed in clinical diagnosis. So far, exploring high-performance
photocathodes and developing new sensing strategies have remained
central challenges in photoelectrochemical bioassays. Herein, a two-dimensional
(2D) pyrene covalent organic framework (COF, PAF-130) is exemplified
for the first time as a high-performance photocathode for precise
immunosensing of α-synuclein (α-Syn) by integrating a
DNAzyme-induced signal cycle amplification strategy with Ag nanoparticles
(NPs)-mediated liposomal immunoassay. Through sequential immunobinding,
lysis treatment, and acidolysis, numerous Ag+ ions are
released, and then they activate the DNAzyme, which further recycles
the cleavage of hairpin DNA (HDNA) on the photoelectrode and induces
signal cycle amplification. As a result, an ultralow detection limit
(3.6 fg/mL) and a wide linear range (10–5–103 ng/mL) are achieved, which surpass those of most methods
reported so far. The proposed sensing approach can be readily extended
to detect various biomarkers by substituting the biorecognition events,
providing great promise for biomedical and related applications.