Intensity liquid level sensor based on multimode interference and fiber Bragg grating

Oliveira, Ricardo; Aristilde, Stenio; Osório, Jonas H.; Franco, Marcos A. R.; Bilro, Lúcia; Nogueira, Rogério N.; Cordeiro, Cristiano M. B.

doi:10.1088/0957-0233/27/12/125104

Cited by 27 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Another method where no-core fiber is embedded into a conventional single-mode fiber was used as liquid level indicator in Ref. 137. Bragg gratings were inscribed in one part of the single-mode fiber that will be dipped in liquid.…”

Section: Fbg-based Liquid Level Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber Bragg grating sensors for monitoring of physical parameters: a comprehensive review

2020

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Fiber Bragg grating has embraced the area of fiber optics since the early days of its discovery, and most fiber optic sensor systems today make use of fiber Bragg grating technology. Researchers have gained enormous attention in the field of fiber Bragg grating (FBG)-based sensing due to its inherent advantages, such as small size, fast response, distributed sensing, and immunity to the electromagnetic field. Fiber Bragg grating technology is popularly used in measurements of various physical parameters, such as pressure, temperature, and strain for civil engineering, industrial engineering, military, maritime, and aerospace applications. Nowadays, strong emphasis is given to structure health monitoring of various engineering and civil structures, which can be easily achieved with FBG-based sensors. Depending on the type of grating, FBG can be uniform, long, chirped, tilted or phase shifted having periodic perturbation of refractive index inside core of the optical fiber. Basic fundamentals of FBG and recent progress of fiber Bragg grating-based sensors used in various applications for temperature, pressure, liquid level, strain, and refractive index sensing have been reviewed. A major problem of temperature cross sensitivity that occurs in FBG-based sensing requires temperature compensation technique that has also been discussed in this paper.

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Section: Fbg-based Liquid Level Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber Bragg grating sensors for monitoring of physical parameters: a comprehensive review

2020

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“…Therefore, simultaneous measurement can be achieved using a sensitivity matrix, which can be calculated using Eq. ( 15) and ( 16) [27,28,29]. Here, φ peak6 and φ peak7 represent the phase variations caused by changes in temperature (δT) and strain (δS) .…”

Section: B Transmission Typementioning

confidence: 99%

Phase Demodulation Based on K-Space With High Sensitivity for Interferometric Fiber Sensor

Ling

Tian

et al. 2022

IEEE Photonics J.

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This study firstly proposes and experimentally demonstrates a phase demodulation method with high sensitivity for interferometric fiber sensors (IFSs) on the basis of the fast Fourier transform of a wavenumber domain. The phase information of IFSs triggered by changes in environmental parameters is obtained by calculating the initial phase variation of a specific Fourier-transformed spatial frequency. Theoretically, phase sensitivity can be improved by n times when the optical path difference (OPD) of a spatial frequency peak is increased by a multiple (n times) of the OPD of other spatial frequency domain peaks. To verify the method experimentally, this study designed a large laterally offset spliced sensor formed by common singlemode fibers on the basis of mode interference. The sensing characteristics of temperature and strain in each set of two-beam interference are analyzed simultaneously by calculating the phase sensitivities of the frequency domain peaks. Furthermore, the highest reported temperature and strain sensitivities of 0.0795 rad/°C and −0.0088 rad/με, respectively, with good repeatability are realized.

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“…Generally speaking, liquid-level sensors based on fiber gratings and interference effects can achieve a high sensing resolution, but the sensing range is small. Examples of such sensors include multimode interferometers [6][7][8][9][10], Mach-Zehnder interferometers [11][12][13], anti-resonance reflecting optical waveguides [14,15], Fabry-Perot interferometers [16], fiber Bragg gratings [17,18], and long-period fiber gratings [19,20]. In 2011, Antonio-Lopez et al reported a no-core fiber (NCF) liquid-level sensor based on the self-image effect of multimode interference [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Resolution and Large-Sensing-Range Liquid-Level Sensor Based on Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry and No-Core Fiber

Yin

Yang

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Liquid-level sensors are required in modern industrial and medical fields. Optical liquid-level sensors can solve the safety problems of traditional electrical sensors, which have attracted extensive attention in both academia and industry. We propose a distributed liquid-level sensor based on optical frequency domain reflectometry and with no-core fiber. The sensing mechanism uses optical frequency domain reflectometry to capture the strong reflection of the evanescent field of the no-core fiber at the liquid–air interface. The experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve a high resolution of 0.1 mm, stability of ±15 μm, a relatively large measurement range of 175 mm, and a high signal-to-noise ratio of 30 dB. The sensing length can be extended to 1.25 m with a weakened signal-to-noise ratio of 10 dB. The proposed method has broad development prospects in the field of intelligent industry and extreme environments.

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Intensity liquid level sensor based on multimode interference and fiber Bragg grating

Cited by 27 publications

References 21 publications

Fiber Bragg grating sensors for monitoring of physical parameters: a comprehensive review

Fiber Bragg grating sensors for monitoring of physical parameters: a comprehensive review

Phase Demodulation Based on K-Space With High Sensitivity for Interferometric Fiber Sensor

High-Resolution and Large-Sensing-Range Liquid-Level Sensor Based on Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry and No-Core Fiber

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