Interaction of phenytoin and inflammation induces gingival overgrowth in rats

Abstract

In adult male Wistar rats {Rattus norvegicus albinus) gingival irritation provided by means of wire silk ligatures around the cervix of first left lower molars, for a duration of 77 days, caused gingival inflammatory changes. In the rats receiving also daily one i.p. injection of sodium 5,5diphenylhydantoinate (phenytoin)., during 70 days, there was no macroscopical change of the gingiva of non-ligated first right lower molars. However, in the first left lower molars, the association of silk ligature-plus-phenytoin administration elicited gingival overgrowth. The rat was seen as a satisfactory animal model for studies of phenytoin-induced gingival changes.

The Effect of Pregabalin Versus Carbamazepine on the Gingiva of Albino Rats With the Possible Modulatory Action of Acasia Arabica.

“…In the current study, histological examination of the gingiva group I showed some signs of nuclear division within the cells and cytokinesis in some cells. This is similar to Nascimento et al, 1985, who found that tegretol treatment induced a marked increase in the mitotic figures in the basal layer. They also observed irregular junctional epithelium containing multinucleated cells and a marked increase in the proliferative activity of the basal layer.…”

The pathogenesis of drug‐induced gingival overgrowth

“…Macrophages play a fundamental role in orchestrating the plaqueinduced inflammatory changes in the gingival tissues. There is considerable evidence that such inflammatory changes exacerbate phenytoin-induced gingival overgrowth , Nascimento et al 1985. Thus, this hypothesis provides a possible link between the drug (phenytoin) and inflammation in the expression of gingival overgrowth.…”

Análise quantitativa dos tecidos gengivais de ratos tratados com fenitoína e ciclosporina

“…Durante as primeiras duas semanas foram administrados 2 mg/kg de peso corporal/dia aumentando 2 mg a cada 2 semanas. Nas duas últimas semanas, os ratos receberam diariamente 10 mg/kg de peso corporal/dia 18 . Dez ratos controle receberam procedimentos de forma similar com solução de NaCl a 0,9%.…”

“…A prevalência do aumento gengival induzido por drogas é variável e controverso, aventa-se a hipótese que tal variabilidade possa estar relacionada com a dosagem da droga 8 , concentração da droga tanto plasmática 11,23 , como na saliva 5,14 e presença de placa bacteriana e conseqüentemente inflamação 13,18,23 .…”