Interaction of Physical Activity and Body Mass Index on Mortality in Coronary Heart Disease: Data from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study

Abstract

Overweight and obese subjects with coronary heart disease had reduced all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality, but such an obesity paradox was seen only in participants who did not adhere to current recommendations of physical activity.

Does body mass index truly affect mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in patients after coronary revascularization with percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass graft? A systematic review and network meta‐analysis

“…Using data from the Nord‐Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT), a large population‐based prospective study, Moholdt et al . found that all‐cause mortality risk was essentially equal across BMI categories in patients with a high physical activity level and sustained physical activity seemed to be more important than weight loss that associated with improved survival in CAD for long‐term prognosis .…”

“…Physical inactivity and low cardiorespiratory fitness have long been recognized as major risk factors of cardiovascular disease . Physical activity is a major determinant of cardiorespiratory fitness, despite cardiorespiratory fitness is partly genetically determined . Substantial evidence has suggested that physical activity or cardiorespiratory fitness alters the association between obesity and prognosis in patients with CAD .…”

“…Physical activity is a major determinant of cardiorespiratory fitness, despite cardiorespiratory fitness is partly genetically determined . Substantial evidence has suggested that physical activity or cardiorespiratory fitness alters the association between obesity and prognosis in patients with CAD . In addition, although the data regarding long‐term safety and efficacy of weight loss in general and in patients with cardiovascular disease are limited, purposeful weight loss is associated with favourable cardiovascular prognosis .…”

Diet, Lifestyle, Smoking

“…A meta-analysis of 33 studies in over 100, 000 individuals observed that every 1 estimated MET increase in CRF was associated with 13 and 15% reductions in all-cause and CVD mortality (Nauman et al 2017). Cardiorespiratory fitness is important even in the presence of other risk factors and shown to be protective even in men with metabolic syndrome (Katzmarzyk et al 2004) and obesity (Moholdt et al 2017).…”

Canadian Senate Report on Obesity: Focusing on Individual Behaviours versus Social Determinants of Health May Promote Weight Stigma

“…Although suggestions for future definitions and measurement tools for obesity are outside the scope of this critique, it would have been helpful if the Report acknowledged the current debates on the meaning and value of BMI [ 22 ], acknowledged the debates on the relationship between BMI and mortality risk [ 25 – 27 ], discussed the limitations of BMI, and highlighted the need for more research in the diagnosis and measurement of obesity. Furthermore, it would have been appreciated if the Report highlighted the importance of measuring people's bodies sensitively by ensuring respect towards patients and preserving their dignity when weighing or measuring their bodies.…”