Interaction of Temperature and Hydration on Locomotion of Toads

Preest, Marion R.; Pough, F. Harvey

doi:10.2307/2389501

Cited by 88 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…For pondbreeding amphibians, water economy plays an essential role in determining mortality risk and overall resistance to dispersal in matrix habitats. Desiccation can decrease locomotor performance (Preest and Pough 1989), habitat permeability (Rothermel andSemlitsch 2002, Mazerolle andDesrochers 2005), and survival (Rittenhouse et al 2009) in amphibians. Additionally, habitat choices at forest-clearcut edges are commonly biased towards forest, where desiccation risk is presumed to be low (Chan-McLeod 2003, Rittenhouse and Semlitsch 2006).…”

Section: Dispersal Costs and Landscape Connectivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial connectivity moderates the effect of predatory fish on salamander metapopulation dynamics

Cosentino¹,

Schooley²,

Phillips³

2011

Ecosphere

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Abstract. In predator-prey metapopulations, persistence of prey in patches with predators may depend on the rescue effect in which immigration from nearby sources prevents local extinction. Thus, constraints on spatial connectivity may have important implications for predator-prey coexistence. We tested the hypothesis that metapopulation dynamics of Ambystoma tigrinum (tiger salamander) depend on combined effects of predatory fish and spatial connectivity. Because matrix heterogeneity can influence dispersal, we also considered how a proximate constraint on amphibian dispersal-desiccation risk-scales up to influence metapopulation dynamics for A. tigrinum. Occupancy and subsequent turnover patterns were quantified in a network of 90 wetlands for three years in an agricultural landscape in Illinois. Our previous field experiments demonstrated that desiccation risk varies among matrix habitats, and that individuals orient movements towards habitat with low desiccation risk. We used cost-distance modeling to generate a connectivity metric that accounted for desiccation risk. Occupancy and colonization probabilities were related negatively to fish occupancy and positively to connectivity. Matrix structure had a strong influence on colonization, and the connectivity metric based on desiccation risk was a better predictor of colonization than alternative metrics. The positive effect of desiccation-informed connectivity on colonization was strongest in wetlands with fish, indicating matrix composition can moderate the effects of predation on amphibians. We detected a rescue effect in which extinction probability was related negatively to connectivity, and this effect was strongest in sites with fish. The matrix did not have a strong effect on occupancy or extinction probabilities, and we discuss why matrix effects may vary for different aspects of population turnover. Our results suggest effects of fish predators on metapopulation dynamics of amphibians depend on spatial connectivity, and that immigration may be essential for maintaining persistence of amphibians in systems with fish. This study also demonstrates that the mechanisms underlying dispersal limitation for A. tigrinum may include desiccation risk.

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Section: Dispersal Costs and Landscape Connectivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial connectivity moderates the effect of predatory fish on salamander metapopulation dynamics

Cosentino¹,

Schooley²,

Phillips³

2011

Ecosphere

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“…The depressed foraging activity was considered to be associated with a higher evaporative water loss. As Preest and Pough (1989) showed for B. americanus, dehydration can strongly decrease the locomotory performance of anurans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Life Cycle Strategies and Physiological Adjustments of Reedfrog Tadpoles (Amphibia, Anura, Hyperoliidae) in Relation to Environmental Conditions

Schmuck¹,

Geise²,

Linsenmair³

1994

Copeia

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The relationship between different degrees of intraspecific crowding of reedfrog tadpoles and their physiological responses to a deterioration of the natal pond water quality was examined under laboratory conditions. Tadpoles that were reared at a lower density metamorphosed significantly earlier than those raised at a higher density. As density increases, the average body length at metamorphosis decreases. However, at low tadpole density, a significantly higher diversity of body size classes among freshly metamorphosed froglets was observed than under more crowded conditions. Mortality increased during metamorphic climax and was inversely correlated with the tadpole density.In ephemeral ponds, an accumulation of nitrogenous wastes from metabolic processes and/or a concentration by evaporation in prolonged rainless periods can pose a considerable chemical stress to reedfrog tadpoles. Hyperolius viridiflavus ommatostictus responded to an increasing ammonia concentration with an activity increase of the ornithine cycle (intensified urea synthesis). hi contrast, Hyperolius marmoratus taeniatus exhibited a strong tolerance against high ammonia levels.A deterioration of the natal pond water quality caused H. v. ommatostictus and H. v. nitidulus tadpoles to adjust to harsher climatic conditions at the time of metamorphosis. This physiological preadjustment enabled the froglets to start feeding and growing immediately after metamorphosis even at low air humidity and rare precipitation events. In contrast, froglets that were raised in daily refreshed water exhibited high mortality rates if subjected to identical conditions. As one possible indicator of the actual climatic conditions prevailing in the surrounding terrestrial habitat, fluctuations in the water ammonia level are discussed.

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“…Preest e Pough (1989) mostraram que a desidratação e temperatura corpórea têm efeito sinérgico sobre o desempenho locomotor em Anaxyrus americanus. Enquanto o desempenho de animais completamente hidratados ou ligeiramente desidratados foi maior nas temperaturas mais altas, o desempenho máximo de animais desidratados passou a ser maior nas temperaturas mais baixas testadas (Preest e Pough, 1989). Surpreendentemente, essa abordagem multivariada, utilizando temperatura e nível de hidratação como fatores simultaneamente, foi aplicada em poucos trabalhos para testar hipóteses de adaptação do desempenho locomotor, comparando espécies e/ou populações de anuros.…”

Section: Balanço Hídrico E O Meio Ambienteunclassified

Balanço hídrico e a distribuição geográfica dos anfíbios.

Titon¹,

Gomes²

2012

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IntroduçãoQuando se pensa na ocupação do ambiente terrestre pelos vertebrados, os anfíbios enfrentam um desafio hídrico particularmente pungente devido à necessidade de manutenção de uma alta permeabilidade de seu tegumento, que representa um importante órgão de troca de gases respiratórios neste grupo. A alta permeabilidade tegumentar, característica da maior parte das espécies de anfíbios, acarreta em taxas de perda de água particularmente elevadas quando comparados a outros tetrápodes, e expõe estes animais a um alto risco de desidratação em ambiente terrestre (McNab, 2002). Embora um processo de redução severa das populações de anfíbios venha sendo detectado ao redor do mundo (Houlahan e col., 2000, Stuart e col., 2004, Stuart e col. 2008), ainda não existe uma compreensão básica dos fatores que controlam a distribuição geográfica e diversidade destes animais em ampla escala espacial (Buckley e Jetz, 2007). As limitações fisiológicas peculiares dos anfíbios estão bem documentadas e sugerem forte sensibilidade a determinadas condições ambientais (Feder e Burggren, 1992). Por exemplo, a riqueza de espécies de anfíbios aumenta dos pólos em direção à linha do equador, apresentando altas concentrações nas florestas tropicais úmidas, Resumo. Dado que os anfíbios são geralmente caracterizados por uma elevada permeabilidade tegumentar, a variação interespecífica em aspectos do balanço hídrico poderia estar associada a padrões de distribuição dos anfíbios em ambientes que diferem quanto à disponibilidade hí-drica. Análises comparativas de espécies que habitam diferentes biomas fornecem evidências de adaptações em diversas variáveis fisiológicas associadas ao balanço hídrico, tais como tolerância à desidratação, resistência da pele à perda de água e taxas de reidratação. Entretanto, aspectos ecológicos e comportamentais devem ser integrados aos fisiológicos, sob um enfoque histórico da diversificação dos clados e de sua ocupação ambiental, para o entendimento das bases funcionais da distribuição geográfica e da tolerância às alterações ambientais dos anfíbios. Palavras-chave. Desidratação, reidratação, tolerância à desidratação, anuros, disponibilidade hídrica.Abstract. Given the high cutaneous permeability of amphibians, their inter-specific variation in aspects of water balance could be associated to patterns of distribution in environments that differ in water availability. Comparative studies including species from different biomes evidence adaptations of several variables associated to water balance, such as dehydration tolerance, skin resistance to water loss, and rates of water uptake. However, to understand the underlying mechanisms of amphibian geographical distribution and sensitivity to environmental change, ecological and behavioral aspects must be integrated to physiology under a historical approach of clade diversification and environmental occupancy.

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Interaction of Temperature and Hydration on Locomotion of Toads

Cited by 88 publications

References 37 publications

Spatial connectivity moderates the effect of predatory fish on salamander metapopulation dynamics

Spatial connectivity moderates the effect of predatory fish on salamander metapopulation dynamics

Life Cycle Strategies and Physiological Adjustments of Reedfrog Tadpoles (Amphibia, Anura, Hyperoliidae) in Relation to Environmental Conditions

Balanço hídrico e a distribuição geográfica dos anfíbios.

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