“…There have been numerous studies on scientific discourse in Turkey (e.g. Oktar, 1991;Huber & Uzun, 2000;Uzun & Huber, 2002;Yarar, 2001;Emeksiz, 2009Emeksiz, , 2015Doyuran, 2009;Kavanoz & Şimşek, 2013;Akbaş, 2012bAkbaş, , 2014Bayyurt & Akbaş, 2014;Yağız & Demir, 2014, 2015; however, compared to the vast number of studies in other countries, there are few studies on research article abstracts (Ekoç, 2008;Çakır, 2011;Akbaş, 2012a;Çandarlı, 2012;Çakır & Kansu-Yetkiner, 2012;Fidan & Çakır, 2012;Kafes, 2009Kafes, , 2012Uysal & Akpınar, 2008;Önder Özdemir & Longo, 2014;Uysal, 2014;Çakır & Fidan, 2015;Uysal, 2012) written by Turkish academic writers. Kafes (2009) examined modal verbs in research articles as well as in abstracts written by Turkish, Spanish and American academic writers to determine how academic writers construct authorial stance in their research articles published in international journals.…”